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Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans.
Water-reactive substances [1] are those that spontaneously undergo a chemical reaction with water, often noted as generating flammable gas. [2] Some are highly reducing in nature. [ 3 ] Notable examples include alkali metals , lithium through caesium , and alkaline earth metals , magnesium through barium .
A corrosive material is a liquid or solid that causes full thickness destruction of human skin at the site of contact within a specified period of time. A liquid that has a severe corrosion rate on steel or aluminum based on the criteria in 49CFR 173.137(c)(2) is also a corrosive material .
Hydrochloric Acid / Hydrogen Chloride / muriatic acid: Toilet Bowl Cleaner 7722-84-1: Hydrogen peroxide: Oxidizer, Polymer Breaker 79-14-1: Hydroxy acetic acid: 35249-89-9: Hydroxyacetic acid ammonium salt: 9004-62-0: Hydroxyethyl cellulose: Viscosifier 5470-11-1: Hydroxylamine hydrochloride: 39421-75-5: Hydroxypropyl guar: Viscosifier 35674-56-7
Spiritus fumans – stannic chloride, formed by distilling tin with corrosive sublimate. Spirit of hartshorn – ammonia, formed by the decomposition of sal-ammoniac by unslaked lime. Spirit of salt/ acidum salis – the liquid form of hydrochloric acid (also called muriatic acid), formed by mixing common salt with oil of vitriol.
Sodium hydroxide is used with hydrochloric acid to balance pH. The resultant salt, NaCl, is the corrosive agent used in the standard neutral pH salt spray test. Poor quality crude oil can be treated with sodium hydroxide to remove sulfurous impurities in a process known as caustic washing.
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Aqua regia (/ ˈ r eɪ ɡ i ə, ˈ r iː dʒ i ə /; from Latin, "regal water" or "royal water") is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, optimally in a molar ratio of 1:3. [b] Aqua regia is a fuming liquid.