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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 4 March 2025. Economic and sociopolitical worldview For the political ideology commonly associated with states governed by communist parties, see Marxism–Leninism. Karl Marx, after whom Marxism is named. Friedrich Engels, who co-developed Marxism. Marxism is a political philosophy and method of ...
Marx was also familiar with Lucretius's theory of clinamen. Marx and Engels both concluded that Hegelian philosophy, at least as interpreted by their former colleagues, was too abstract and was being misapplied in attempts to explain the social injustice in recently industrializing countries such as Germany, France, and the United Kingdom ...
Karl Marx [a] (German: [kaʁl maʁks]; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist.He is best-known for the 1848 pamphlet The Communist Manifesto (written with Friedrich Engels), and his three-volume Das Kapital (1867–1894), a critique of classical political economy which employs his theory of historical ...
Karl Marx's Theory of History: A Defence helped establish analytical Marxism as a school of thought, [5] and came to be seen as a classic. [10] The book was praised by the historian G. E. M. de Ste. Croix, [11] and was also commended by the political scientist David McLellan. [12]
Joan Robinson, who herself was considered an expert on the writings of Karl Marx, [73] wrote that the labor theory of value was largely a tautology and "a typical example of the way metaphysical ideas operate". [74] In ecological economics, the labor theory of value has been criticized, where it is argued that labor is in fact energy over time ...
Marx and Engels wrote a new preface for the 1882 Russian edition, translated by Georgi Plekhanov in Geneva. In it they wondered if Russia could directly become a communist society, or if she would become capitalist first like other European countries. After Marx's death in 1883, Engels provided the prefaces for five editions between 1888 and 1893.
[3] [4] [5] Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels stated in The Communist Manifesto and later works that "the first step in the revolution by the working class, is to raise the proletariat to the position of ruling class, to win the battle of democracy" and universal suffrage, being "one of the first and most important tasks of the militant proletariat".
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Marxism: . Marxism – method of socioeconomic analysis that analyzes class relations and societal conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and a dialectical view of social transformation.
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