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It is likely that other species from their homeland were also brought, but did not survive the journey or thrive on arrival. [17] In the last few decades, mitochondrial-DNA (mtDNA) research has allowed an estimate to be made of the number of women in the founding population, of between 50 and 100. [18] [19]
Cultural performance of waiata (song), haka (dance), tauparapara (chants) and mōteatea (poetry) are used by Māori to express and pass on knowledge and understanding about history, communities, and relationships. [133] Kapa haka is a Māori performance art [134] believed to have originated with the legendary figure Tinirau.
Many Māori served in the Second World War and learned how to cope in the modern urban world; others moved from their rural homes to the cities to take up jobs vacated by Pākehā servicemen. [180] The shift to the cities was also caused by their strong birth rates in the early 20th century, with the existing rural farms in Māori ownership ...
Other books presenting such theories include The Great Divide: The Story of New Zealand & its Treaty (2012) by journalist Ian Wishart, [47] and To the Ends of the Earth by Maxwell C. Hill, Gary Cook and Noel Hilliam, which claims without evidence that New Zealand was discovered by explorers from ancient Egypt and Greece. [48] [49]
Māori cultural history intertwines inextricably with the culture of Polynesia as a whole. The New Zealand archipelago forms the southwestern corner of the Polynesian Triangle, a major part of the Pacific Ocean with three island groups at its corners: the Hawaiian Islands, Rapa Nui (Easter Island), and New Zealand (Aotearoa in te reo Māori). [10]
The Great New Zealand Myth: a study of the discovery and origin traditions of the Maori. Wellington: Reed. ... The Ancient History of the Maori. Wellington ...
Both categories merge in whakapapa to explain the overall origin of the Māori and their connections to the world which they lived in. The Māori did not have a writing system before European contact, beginning in 1769, [ 1 ] therefore they relied on oral retellings and recitations memorised from generation to generation.
D. R. Simmons, The Great New Zealand Myth: a study of the discovery and origin traditions of the Maori (Reed: Wellington) 1976. S. P. Smith, History and Traditions of the Maoris of the West Coast North Island of New Zealand Prior to 1840 (New Plymouth: Polynesian Society) 1910. Taonui, Rāwiri (8 February 2005). "Canoe traditions".