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The Constitution of Bangladesh [a] is the supreme law of Bangladesh. Adopted by the 'controversial' [1] [2] [3] and virtually "one-party" [4] Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh on 4 November 1972, it came into effect on 16 December 1972. The Constitution establishes Bangladesh as a unitary parliamentary republic.
After article 7 it inserted articles 7(a) and 7(b) in a bid to end take over of power through extra-constitutional means. Section 7(b) declared the basic provisions of the constitution "non-amendable". Added provision for the protection and improvement of the environment and biodiversity.
The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 4 November 1972 and became effective on 16 December 1972 one year after Bangladesh's victory in the War of Liberation. [1] [2] As of 2018 the Constitution has been amended 17 times. [3]
The Fifth Amendment to the Constitution of Bangladesh ratified and confirmed all proclamations, orders, regulations and laws, and amendments, additions, modifications, substitutions and omissions made in the constitution during the period between 15 August 1975 and 9 April 1979 (both days inclusive) by the authorities when the country was under martial law.
The Bangladeshi Ministry of Foreign Affairs formulates and executes the policies according to the guidance from the relevant section of the Constitution of Bangladesh. [1] The fundamental foreign policies of Bangladesh originate from Article 25 of the Constitution of Bangladesh: [2]
The electorate approved still more changes to the constitution, formally re-creating a parliamentary system and returning governing power to the office of the prime minister, as in Bangladesh's original 1972 constitution. In October 1991, members of Parliament elected a new head of state, President Abdur Rahman Biswas.
In Bangladesh, media bias and disinformation is restricted under the certain constitutional amendments as described by the country's post-independence constitution. The Penal Code, one of the criminal codes deals with the media crime, which according to the law may be applicable to all substantive aspects of criminal law. [2]
The constitution of Bangladesh allows the President to appoint the Chief Justice of Bangladesh after receiving advice from the Prime Minister. Concerns of politically motivated court cases have continually emerged, and concerns regarding the politically appointed judiciary favouring the concurrent government is a contested debate in Bangladesh.