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The "Old Order" (1950–1965) in Indonesia has long been understood to be a period of turmoil and crisis, characterized by rebellions and political unrest. The weakness of Indonesia's democracy and its gradual transition to authoritarianism during the Old Order can be attributed to conventional modernization theory, which suggests that without strong socioeconomic structures, successful ...
The end of New Order results in phobia on Pancasila, but Indonesia still maintains a consensus by declaring Pancasila as the nation's ideology. [26] Despite such adjustment of Pancasila practice and implementation to the regime, Pancasila is the basis of Indonesia country and the nation's view of life. [26]
Marhaenism (Indonesian: Marhaenisme) is a socialistic political ideology originated and developed by the first President of Indonesia, Sukarno. [1] It was developed from the ideas of Marxism applied according to the nature and culture of Indonesia, or simply described as "Marxism adapted to Indonesian conditions". [2]
The Quiz is composed of two parts: a diagram of a political map; and a series of 10 short questions designed to help viewers quickly score themselves and others on that map. The 10 questions are divided into two groups, economic and personal, of five questions each. The answers to the questions can be Agree, Maybe or Disagree.
The Liberal Democracy period in Indonesia (Indonesian: Demokrasi Liberal), also known as the Era of Parliamentary Democracy, was a period in Indonesian political history, when the country was under a liberal democratic system. During this period, Indonesia held its first and only free and fair legislative election until 1999, but also saw ...
The Indonesian Democratic Union Party, (Indonesian: Partai Uni Demokrasi Indonesia, abbreviated PUDI), was a political party founded by Sri Bintang Pamungkas in 1995 and one of the political parties in Indonesia that participated in the 1999 general elections.
The Indonesian Democratic Party (Indonesian: Partai Demokrasi Indonesia, abbr. PDI) was a political party in Indonesia which existed from 1973 to 2003. During the New Order era, the PDI was one of the two state-approved parties, the other being the Islam-based United Development Party (PPP).
An election rally for the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, 1999. The Indonesian political party system is regulated by Act No. 2 of 2008 on Political Parties. [3] The law defines political party as "a national organisation founded by like-minded Indonesian citizens with common goals to fulfill common interests and to defend the unity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia as ...