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Papaver bracteatum, also known as the Iranian poppy or Persian poppy and the great scarlet poppy (first described by Dr. N. Saharghi and Iraj Lalezari Nature 213, 1244, 1967 doi:10.1038/2131244a0 ) is a sturdy hardy perennial poppy with large deep red flowers up to 8 inches (20 cm) in diameter on stiff stalks up to 4 feet (1.22 metres) high with a prominent black spot near the base of the petals.
Poppies have long been used as a symbol of sleep, peace, and death: Sleep because the opium extracted from them is a sedative, and death because of the common blood-red colour of the red poppy in particular. [16] In Greek and Roman myths, poppies were used as offerings to the dead. [17] Poppies used as emblems on tombstones symbolize eternal sleep.
Also visible in the field are red field poppies, another related species of poppy which often grows alongside P. somniferum as a weed. In most of Central and Eastern Europe, poppy seed is commonly used for traditional pastries and cakes, and it is legal to grow poppies throughout the region, although Germany requires a licence. [40]
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In the course of history, poppies have always been attributed important medicinal properties. The stems contain a milky latex that may cause skin irritation, and the latex in the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) contains several narcotic alkaloids, including morphine and codeine.
Papaver rhoeas, with common names including common poppy, [3] corn poppy, corn rose, field poppy, [4] Flanders poppy, red poppy, and Odai, is an annual herbaceous species of flowering plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae.
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Papaver somniferum × Papaver bracteatum, also known as Sagan's poppy is a hybrid between the opium poppy and the Iranian poppy.. This hybrid, true poppy is diploid with 18 chromosomes and exhibits strongly reduced fitness relative to parents, possibly due to unpaired chromosomes since the Iranian and opium poppies do not have the same number.