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Holdfasts of D. antarctica are often inhabited by a diverse array of epifaunal invertebrates, many of which burrow into and graze on the kelp. [25] In New Zealand, epifaunal species include the crustaceans Parawaldeckia kidderi, P. karaka [25] and Limnoria stephenseni, and the molluscs Cantharidus roseus, Onchidella marginata, [26] Onithochiton ...
Blades from southern bull kelp (rimurapa in Māori) [1] [2] [3] species such as Durvillaea antarctica and D. poha (named after the pōhā) [4] [5] were used to construct the bags. [1] The kelp blades have a 'honeycomb' structure, [ 6 ] [ 7 ] which allows them to be split open, hollowed out (pōhā hau) and inflated into containers.
Bull kelp is a common name for the brown alga Nereocystis luetkeana which is a true kelp in the family Laminariaceae. Species in the genus Durvillaea are also sometimes called "bull kelp", but this is just a shortening of the common name southern bull kelp .
Kelp forests are some of the most productive ecosystems in the world - they are home to a great diversity of species. Many groups, like those at the Seattle Aquarium, are studying the health, habitat, and population trends in order to understand why certain kelp (like bull kelp) thrives in some areas and not others.
The species is endemic to New Zealand, and is predominantly found along southern coasts of the South Island and on Stewart Island, as well as on the subantarctic Snares and Auckland Islands. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 6 ] Based on genetic data, the species appears to have undergone a recent range expansion into the North Island, as it can be found at ...
[8] [9] Specimens of D. antarctica have been found to float for up to 210 days, during which time high wind speeds transport kelp rafts up to 10,000 km. [8] [9] Environmental factors such as temperature, solar radiation and surface winds (all of which vary with latitude) affect buoyancy of southern bull kelp rafts and their rate of travel. [8]
Nereocystis (Greek, 'mermaid's bladder') is a monotypic genus of subtidal kelp containing the species Nereocystis luetkeana. [1] Some English names include edible kelp, bull kelp, bullwhip kelp, ribbon kelp, bladder wrack, and variations of these names. [2]
This species is chocolate brown in colour and is darker than all other bull kelp species. [4] [5] It has a branched stipe. [3] The species is non-buoyant and does not have 'honeycomb' in its fronds. [3] [4] The holdfast becomes large and spreads like a plate on rocky substrates. [6]