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Shahmukhi (Punjabi: شاہ مُکھی, pronounced [ʃäː (ɦ)˦.mʊ.kʰiː], lit. 'from the Shah's or king's mouth'; Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ) is the right-to-left abjad -based script developed from the Perso-Arabic alphabet used for the Punjabi language varieties, predominantly in Punjab, Pakistan. [1][2][3][4] It is generally ...
Punjabi is the official language of the Indian state of Punjab, and has the status of an additional official language in Haryana and Delhi. Some of its major urban centres in northern India are Amritsar, Ludhiana, Chandigarh, Jalandhar, Ambala, Patiala, Bathinda, Hoshiarpur, Firozpur and Delhi. Punjabi in India.
The prevalent view among Punjabi linguists is that as in the early stages the Gurmukhī letters were primarily used by the Guru's followers, gurmukhs (literally, those who face, or follow, the Guru, as opposed to a manmukh); the script thus came to be known as gurmukhī, "the script of those guided by the Guru."
The Punjabi dialects and languages or Greater Punjabi are a series of dialects and languages spoken around the Punjab region of Pakistan and India with varying degrees of official recognition. [7] They have sometimes been referred to as the Greater Punjabi macrolanguage. [8] Punjabi may also be considered as a pluricentric language with more ...
Google Translate is a web-based free-to-use translation service developed by Google in April 2006. [ 12 ] It translates multiple forms of texts and media such as words, phrases and webpages. Originally, Google Translate was released as a statistical machine translation (SMT) service. [ 12 ] The input text had to be translated into English first ...
Gurpreet Singh Lehal. Gurpreet Singh Lehal (born 6 February 1963) is a professor in the Computer Science Department, Punjabi University, Patiala and Director of the Advanced Centre for Technical Development of Punjabi Language Literature and Culture. He is noted for his work in the application of computer technology in the use of the Punjabi ...
Punjabi has personal pronouns for the first and second persons, while for the third person demonstratives are used, which can be categorized deictically as near and remote. Pronouns do not distinguish gender. The language has a T-V distinction in tū̃ and tusī̃. This latter "polite" form is also grammatically plural.
e. The Punjabis (Punjabi: پنجابی (Shahmukhi); ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Gurmukhi); romanised as Panjābī) [26][27] are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group [28] associated with the Punjab region, comprising areas of northwestern India and eastern Pakistan. [29] They generally speak Standard Punjabi or various Punjabi dialects on both sides.