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The northern two-thirds of the country has a climate similar to that of northern Scandinavia, with very cold winters and short, cool summers. The central southern area of the interior plains has a typical continental climate—very cold winters, hot summers, and relatively sparse precipitation.
Climate information for Canada. Prevailing weather conditions, with data in Celsius and Fahrenheit, millimeters and inches. With tips on the best time to visit and what to pack in the suitcase
Climate in Canada varies widely from region to region. In many parts of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, winters are long, very cold, and feature frequent snow. Most of Canada has a continental climate, which features a large annual range of temperatures, cold winters, and warm summers.
Climate is often defined as average weather, when weather means the current state of the atmosphere. For scientists, climates are the result of exchanges of heat and moisture at the Earth's surface. Because of its size, Canada has many different climates.
We show the climate in Canada by comparing the average weather in 4 representative places: Québec, Toronto, Calgary, and Vancouver. You can add or remove cities to customize the report to your liking.
Learn what kind of weather to expect across Canada, including average temperatures, precipitation, seasonal changes and more.
Canada has seven climatic regions or zones: the Arctic, Subarctic, Prairie, Great Lakes, Cordilleran, plus the East and West Coasts. Climate is not only wholly dependent on these regions, however. Unique geographic features and formations can significantly impact the climate in an area.
Find our Canadian Climate Normals & Averages datasets. Presented in monthly and annual tables. Monthly Climate Summaries. A cross-country summary of the averages and extremes for the month, including precipitation totals, max-min temperatures, and degree days. Almanac Averages & Extremes.
At the completion of each decade, Environment and Climate Change Canada updates its Climate Normals for as many locations and as many climatic characteristics as possible. The Climate Normals, Averages and Extremes offered here are based on Canadian climate stations between 1951 to 1980.
In June 2021, the record temperature of 46.2 °C was reported here. The hottest meteorological summer from June to August, based on all 206 weather stations in Canada below 880 meters altitude, was recorded in 2024 with an average temperature of 16.4 °C.