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  2. Prices of chemical elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prices_of_chemical_elements

    Graphite flakes can cost around US$0.9/kg carbon. [20] Price of synthetic industrial diamond for grinding and polishing can range from 1200 to 13 300 USD/kg, while cost per weight of large synthetic diamonds for industrial applications can be on the order of million dollars per kilogram. [21] 7: N: Nitrogen: 0.0012506: 19 (5.263 × 10 17 kg) 0. ...

  3. Neodymium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neodymium

    Neodymium is the fourth member of the lanthanide series. In the periodic table, it appears between the lanthanides praseodymium to its left and the radioactive element promethium to its right, and above the actinide uranium. Its 60 electrons are arranged in the configuration [Xe]4f 4 6s 2, of which the six 4f and 6s electrons are valence.

  4. Neodymium magnet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neodymium_magnet

    Inventor Masato Sagawa demonstrating a NdFeB magnet's force with 2 kg bottle. A neodymium magnet (also known as NdFeB, NIB or Neo magnet) is a permanent magnet made from an alloy of neodymium, iron, and boron to form the Nd 2 Fe 14 B tetragonal crystalline structure. [1] They are the most widely used type of rare-earth magnet.

  5. Rare-earth magnet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare-earth_magnet

    A rare-earth magnet is a strong permanent magnet made from alloys of rare-earth elements. Developed in the 1970s and 1980s, rare-earth magnets are the strongest type of permanent magnets made, producing significantly stronger magnetic fields than other types such as ferrite or alnico magnets. The magnetic field typically produced by rare-earth ...

  6. Rare earth industry in China - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare_earth_industry_in_China

    The current cost for 1 kilogram of neodymium is 70 US dollars. [21] However, it is expected to increase as 3,300 of the 31,700 tons of global demands were not met in 2017 and it is calculated that the demand will increase to around 39,000 tons by 2019. [ 21 ]

  7. Pensana Salt End - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensana_Salt_End

    Pensana Saltend is a future processing facility for rare earth metals at Salt End, near Hull in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. When operating at capability, the plant aims to produce 5% of world demand for neodymium and praseodymium oxide. Work on the site started in 2021, with full opening by 2023. The facility will be the first of its ...

  8. Hardnesses of the elements (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardnesses_of_the_elements...

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  9. Masato Sagawa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masato_Sagawa

    Fields. Metallurgy, Magnetic Materials, Sustainable energy. Masato Sagawa (佐川眞人; born August 3, 1943, in Tokushima, Japan) is a Japanese scientist and entrepreneur, and the inventor of the sintered permanent neodymium magnet (NdFeB). Sagawa was awarded the Japan Prize and IEEE Medal for Environmental and Safety Technologies for his efforts.