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Electron microscope. An electron microscope is a microscope that uses a beam of electrons as a source of illumination. They use electron optics that are analogous to the glass lenses of an optical light microscope to control the electron beam, for instance focusing them to produce magnified images or electron diffraction patterns.
Electron microscope constructed by Ernst Ruska in 1933. Ernst August Friedrich Ruska (German pronunciation: [ɛʁnst ˈʁʊskaː] ⓘ; 25 December 1906 – 27 May 1988) [1] was a German physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986 for his work in electron optics, including the design of the first electron microscope. [2]
Max Knoll (17 July 1897 – 6 November 1969) [1] was a German electrical engineer and co-inventor of the electron microscope.Knoll was born in Wiesbaden and studied at the University of Munich and at the Technischen Hochschulen in Munich and Berlin-Charlottenburg, where he obtained his doctorate in the Institute for High Voltage Technology.
Humberto Fernández-Morán Villalobos (18 February 1924 – 17 March 1999) [1] was a Venezuelan research scientist born in Maracaibo, Venezuela, known for inventing the diamond knife or scalpel, significantly advancing the development of electromagnetic lenses for electron microscopy based on superconducting technology, and many other scientific contributions.
Scientific career. Institutions. RCA. James Hillier, OC (August 22, 1915 – January 15, 2007) was a Canadian - American scientist and inventor who designed and built, with Albert Prebus, the first successful high-resolution electron microscope in North America in 1938. [1]
1936: Erwin Wilhelm Müller invents the field emission microscope. 1938: James Hillier builds another TEM. 1951: Erwin Wilhelm Müller invents the field ion microscope and is the first to see atoms. 1953: Frits Zernike, professor of theoretical physics, receives the Nobel Prize in Physics for his invention of the phase-contrast microscope.
At the start of his career, he analysed the properties of high voltage electric transmission lines by using cathode-beam oscillographs, which led to his interest in electron optics. [19] Studying the fundamental processes of the oscillograph, Gabor was led to other electron-beam devices such as electron microscopes and TV tubes.
Erwin Wilhelm Müller. Erwin Wilhelm Müller (or Mueller) (June 13, 1911 – May 17, 1977) was a German physicist who invented the Field Emission Electron Microscope (FEEM), the Field Ion Microscope (FIM), and the Atom-Probe Field Ion Microscope. He and his student, Kanwar Bahadur, were the first people to experimentally observe atoms.