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Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas state, without passing through the liquid state. [1] The verb form of sublimation is sublime, or less preferably, sublimate. [2] Sublimate also refers to the product obtained by sublimation. [2][3] The point at which sublimation occurs rapidly (for further details ...
Vaporization. Vaporization (or vapo (u)risation) of an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor. [1] There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon, whereas boiling is a bulk phenomenon (a phenomenon in which the whole object or substance is involved in the process).
Deposition (phase transition) Water vapour from humid winter-air deposits directly into a solid, crystalline frost pattern on a window, without ever being liquid in the process. Deposition is the phase transition in which gas transforms into solid without passing through the liquid phase. Deposition is a thermodynamic process.
Evaporative deposition: the material to be deposited is heated to a high vapor pressure by electrical resistance heating in "high" vacuum. [4] [5] Close-space sublimation, the material, and substrate are placed close to one another and radiatively heated. Pulsed laser deposition: a high-power laser ablates material from the target into a vapor.
Water vapor, water vapour or aqueous vapor is the gaseous phase of water. It is one state of water within the hydrosphere. Water vapor can be produced from the evaporation or boiling of liquid water or from the sublimation of ice. Water vapor is transparent, like most constituents of the atmosphere. [1] Under typical atmospheric conditions ...
Sublimation sandwich method. The sublimation sandwich method (also called the sublimation sandwich process and the sublimation sandwich technique) is a kind of physical vapor deposition used for creating man-made crystals. Silicon carbide is the most common crystal grown this way, though other crystals may also be created with it (notably ...
Outgassing. Outgassing (sometimes called offgassing, particularly when in reference to indoor air quality) is the release of a gas that was dissolved, trapped, frozen, or absorbed in some material. [1] Outgassing can include sublimation and evaporation (which are phase transitions of a substance into a gas), as well as desorption, seepage from ...
The Knudsen cell is used to measure the vapor pressures of a solid with very low vapor pressure. Such a solid forms a vapor at low pressure by sublimation. The vapor slowly effuses through the pinhole, and the loss of mass is proportional to the vapor pressure and can be used to determine this pressure. [1] The heat of sublimation can also be ...