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However, the risks associated with surgical aortic valve replacement are increased in elderly patients and those with concomitant severe systolic heart failure or coronary artery disease, as well as in people with comorbidities such as cerebrovascular and peripheral arterial disease, chronic kidney disease, and chronic respiratory dysfunction.
Aortic valve replacement is a cardiac surgery procedure whereby a failing aortic valve is replaced with an artificial heart valve. The aortic valve may need to be replaced because of aortic regurgitation (back flow), or if the valve is narrowed by stenosis. Current methods for aortic valve replacement include open-heart surgery, minimally ...
Frequency. 2% of people over 65 (developed world) [1] Aortic stenosis (AS or AoS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart (where the aorta begins), such that problems result. [1] It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. [1] It typically gets worse over time. [1]
Aortic valvuloplasty relies on placing a catheter with a balloon at the tip in the aortic valve, which is then inflated to widen the narrowed valve. [1] In order to reach the aortic valve, a blood vessel is punctured to introduce the catheter and advance it into the aortic valve. The most common site of entry is the femoral artery in the groin ...
Endovascular procedures aim to reduce the morbidity and mortality of treating arterial disease in a patient population that is increasingly older and less fit than when major open repairs were developed and popularized. Even in the early days, significant risks were accepted in the understanding that the large open operation was the only option.
The risk of death due to aortic dissection is highest in the first few hours after the dissection begins, and decreases afterward. [42] Because of this, the therapeutic strategies differ for the treatment of an acute dissection compared to a chronic dissection. An acute dissection is one in which the individual presents within the first two weeks.
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