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A self-serving bias is any cognitive or perceptual process that is distorted by the need to maintain and enhance self-esteem, or the tendency to perceive oneself in an overly favorable manner. [1] It is the belief that individuals tend to ascribe success to their own abilities and efforts, but ascribe failure to external factors. [2]
Egocentric bias: Recalling the past in a self-serving manner, e.g., remembering one's exam grades as being better than they were, or remembering a caught fish as bigger than it really was. Euphoric recall: The tendency of people to remember past experiences in a positive light, while overlooking negative experiences associated with that event.
The self-serving bias has been thought of as a means of self-esteem maintenance. [39] A person will feel better about themselves by taking credit for successes and creating external blames for failure. This is further reinforced by research showing that as self-threat increases, people are more likely to exhibit a self-serving bias. [40]
Self-selection bias is a major problem in research in sociology, psychology, economics and many other social sciences. [ 1 ] In such fields, a poll suffering from such bias is termed a self-selected listener opinion poll or "SLOP". [ 2 ] The term is also used in criminology to describe the process by which specific predispositions may lead an ...
Self-serving bias would result in the assumption that the student's low grade is a result of poor teaching, which would direct the fault of one's reality away from one's own actions. Egocentric bias might also result in an overestimation of the number of students that received low grades in the class for the purpose to normalize these students ...
Illusory superiority. In social psychology, illusory superiority is a cognitive bias wherein people overestimate their own qualities and abilities compared to others. Illusory superiority is one of many positive illusions, relating to the self, that are evident in the study of intelligence, the effective performance of tasks and tests, and the ...
Self-serving bias is the tendency for cognitive or perceptual processes to be distorted by the individual's need to maintain and enhance self-esteem. [59] It is the propensity to credit accomplishment to our own capacities and endeavors, yet attribute failure to outside factors, [ 60 ] to dismiss the legitimacy of negative criticism ...
Originally, researchers assumed that self-serving bias is strongly related to the fact that people want to protect their self-esteem. However, an alternative information processing explanation is that when the outcomes match people's expectations, they make attributions to internal factors; for example, someone who passes a test might believe ...