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Anthraquinone, also called anthracenedione or dioxoanthracene, is an aromatic organic compound with formula C 14 H 8 O 2.Several isomers exist but these terms usually refer to 9,10-anthraquinone (IUPAC: 9,10-dioxoanthracene) wherein the keto groups are located on the central ring.
For the parent molecule 9,10-anthraquinone, see anthraquinone. Structure proposed for the pigment carmine. Anthraquinones (also known as anthraquinonoids) are a class of naturally occurring phenolic compounds based on the 9,10-anthraquinone skeleton. They are widely used industrially and occur naturally.
Anthraquinone itself is colourless, but red to blue dyes are obtained by introducing electron donor groups such as hydroxy or amino groups in the 1-, 4-, 5- or 8-position. [1] Anthraquinone dyestuffs are structurally related to indigo dyestuffs and are classified together with these in the group of carbonyl dyes .
Other important examples are 1,2-benzoquinone (ortho-quinone), 1,4-naphthoquinone and 9,10-anthraquinone. The name is derived from that of quinic acid (with the suffix "-one" indicating a ketone), since it is one of the compounds obtained upon oxidation of quinic acid. [4]
Hydrogen peroxide is produced industrially by the anthraquinone process which involves using 2-alkyl-9,10-anthraquinones for hydrogenation. Many derivatives of anthraquinone are used but 2-ethylanthraquinone is common because of its high selectivity. The hydrogenation of the unsubstituted ring can reach 90% selectivity by using 2 ...
9,10-Dihydroxyanthracene is an organic compound with the formula C 14 H 10 O 2.It is the hydroquinone form of 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ). It formed when AQ is hydrogenated. [1] It is easily dissolved in alkaline solutions and is often called soluble anthraquinone (SAQ).
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The anthraquinone process, also called the Riedl–Pfleiderer process, is a process for the production of hydrogen peroxide, which was developed by IG Farben in the 1940s., [1] The industrial production of hydrogen peroxide is based on the reduction of oxygen, as in the direct synthesis from the elements.