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Democratic legitimacy within the EU can be compared with the dual legitimacy provided for in a federal polity, such as the United States, where there are two independent sources of democratic legitimacy, the House of Representatives and the Senate, and, to become law, decisions must be approved both by one institution representing the people as ...
Freedom of information is a mechanism for guaranteeing the transparency of the European institutions. However, "transparency does not equal participation: it underpins democratic governance as it facilitates the accountability of policymakers, but it does not in itself guarantee increased democratic legitimacy". [29]
[18] [19] The European Parliament was created to give more democratic legitimacy to the EU but shares legislative power with the Council of the European Union, which has one vote per country. The UN Parliamentary Assembly has been proposed as a way of ameliorating a democratic deficit within the United Nations. [20]
It has been argued that the increased presence of Eurosceptic MEPs within the Parliament serves to enhance, rather than undermine the legitimacy of the Parliament as a democratic body. [32] If Eurosceptic MEPs can meaningfully engage in policy-making within the Parliament, this "fosters the Parliament's representativeness and contributes to the ...
The democratic legitimation of the European Union rests on the Treaty System. The move toward unification first arose in the Kellogg-Briand Pact in 1928, which gained adherent countries during negotiations and took on a theme of integration for the achievement of peace between the Great Powers. [ 1 ]
The European Union is only open to a "European" state which respects the principles of "human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law, and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities". Countries whose territory is wholly outside the European continent cannot therefore apply.
By definition, modern democratic constitutional monarchies are parliamentary, as there is no elected head of state who could assume non-ceremonial competences; of the twenty one republican member states of the European Union, only one is a presidential republic and four are semi-presidential republics (France, Lithuania, Portugal and Romania).
Demoicracy (also demoi-cracy; / d ɪ ˈ m ɔɪ k r ə s i / di-MOY-krə-see) is a polity of multiple distinct people (demoi), polity of polities.The term is derived from demoi (δῆμοι in original Ancient Greek, plural form of δῆμος or demos), meaning "peoples" and kratos (κράτος) meaning "power" (to govern oneself).