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A structural load or structural action is a mechanical load (more generally a force) applied to structural elements. [1][2] A load causes stress, deformation, displacement or acceleration in a structure. Structural analysis, a discipline in engineering, analyzes the effects of loads on structures and structural elements.
The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is a measure of the strength of the subgrade of a road or other paved area, and of the materials used in its construction. The ratio is measured using a standardized penetration test first developed by the California Division of Highways for highway engineering. [ 1 ] Empirical tests measure the strength of ...
Falling weight deflectometer. A falling weight deflectometer (FWD) is a testing device used by civil engineers to evaluate the physical properties of pavement in highways, local roads, airport pavements, harbor areas, railway tracks and elsewhere. The data acquired from FWDs is primarily used to estimate pavement structural capacity, to ...
The Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) are U.S. federal vehicle regulations specifying design, construction, performance, and durability requirements for motor vehicles and regulated automobile safety -related components, systems, and design features. They are the U.S. counterpart to the UN Regulations developed by the World Forum ...
The Kelley Blue Book automatically rates any salvage vehicle as "poor" and does not value it at all. [12] The value of a vehicle with a salvage title is generally 65-75% lower than the vehicle's estimated value. If the vehicle is rebuilt to a road worthy condition and has passed State inspection, the difference in price is 60-70% of "fair" KBB.
The minimum value of creep rate that is commonly applied to alloys is based on two norms: (1) the stress required to produce a creep rate of 0.1%/h × 10 −3 and (2) the stress required to produce a creep rate of 0.1%/h × 10 −4, which takes roughly about 11.5 years. The former standard has widely been used in the component design of turbine ...
Vehicle title branding is the use of a permanent designation on a vehicle's title, registration or permit documents to indicate that a vehicle has been written off due to collision, fire or flood damage or has been sold for scrap. The designation or brand is mandatory in most provinces and states in North America when an insurer or vehicle ...
Structural engineers are responsible for engineering design and structural analysis. Entry-level structural engineers may design the individual structural elements of a structure, such as the beams and columns of a building. More experienced engineers may be responsible for the structural design and integrity of an entire system, such as a ...