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Degenerative disease is the result of a continuous process based on degenerative cell changes, affecting tissues or organs, which will increasingly deteriorate over time. [ 1 ] In neurodegenerative diseases, cells of the central nervous system stop working or die via neurodegeneration. An example of this is Alzheimer's disease. [ 2 ]
A neurodegenerative disease is caused by the progressive loss of neurons, in the process known as neurodegeneration. [2][3] Neuronal damage may also ultimately result in their death. Neurodegenerative diseases include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple ...
Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a neurodegenerative disease of mainly the central nervous system that affects both the motor and non-motor systems of the body. The symptoms usually emerge slowly, and, as the disease progresses, non-motor symptoms become more common. Usual symptoms include tremors, slowness of movement ...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of degenerative joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone. [ 5 ][ 6 ] It is believed to be the fourth leading cause of disability in the world, affecting 1 in 7 adults in the United States alone. [ 7 ] The most common symptoms are joint pain and stiffness. [ 1 ]
Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a medical condition typically brought on by the aging process in which there are anatomic changes and possibly a loss of function of one or more intervertebral discs of the spine. [ 1 ] DDD can take place with or without symptoms, but is typically identified once symptoms arise.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and progressively worsens, [ 2 ] and is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. [ 2 ][ 15 ] The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events. [ 1 ] As the disease advances, symptoms can include problems with language, disorientation ...
Spondylosis. Spondylosis is the degeneration of the vertebral column from any cause. In the more narrow sense it refers to spinal osteoarthritis, the age-related degeneration of the spinal column, which is the most common cause of spondylosis. The degenerative process in osteoarthritis chiefly affects the vertebral bodies, the neural foramina ...
Myelopathy. Myelopathy describes any neurologic deficit related to the spinal cord. [ 1 ] The most common form of myelopathy in humans, cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), [ 2 ][ 3 ] also called degenerative cervical myelopathy, [ 4 ] results from narrowing of the spinal canal (spinal stenosis) ultimately causing compression of the spinal ...