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An oscillator is a physical system characterized by periodic motion, such as a pendulum, tuning fork, or vibrating diatomic molecule.Mathematically speaking, the essential feature of an oscillator is that for some coordinate x of the system, a force whose magnitude depends on x will push x away from extreme values and back toward some central value x 0, causing x to oscillate between extremes.
A simple harmonic oscillator is an oscillator that is neither driven nor damped.It consists of a mass m, which experiences a single force F, which pulls the mass in the direction of the point x = 0 and depends only on the position x of the mass and a constant k.
The equation for describing the period: = shows the period of oscillation is independent of the amplitude, though in practice the amplitude should be small. The above equation is also valid in the case when an additional constant force is being applied on the mass, i.e. the additional constant force cannot change the period of oscillation.
We solve the van der Pol oscillator only up to order 2. This method can be continued indefinitely in the same way, where the order-n term ϵ n x n {\displaystyle \epsilon ^{n}x_{n}} consists of a harmonic term a n cos ( t ) + b n cos ( t ) {\displaystyle a_{n}\cos(t)+b_{n}\cos(t)} , plus some super-harmonic terms a n , 2 cos ( 2 t ...
Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s SI units Dimension Number of wave cycles N: dimensionless dimensionless (Oscillatory) displacement Symbol of any quantity which varies periodically, such as h, x, y (mechanical waves), x, s, η (longitudinal waves) I, V, E, B, H, D (electromagnetism), u, U (luminal waves), ψ, Ψ, Φ (quantum mechanics).
The result of Mehler can also be linked to probability. For this, the variables should be rescaled as x → x/ √ 2, y → y/ √ 2, so as to change from the 'physicist's' Hermite polynomials H (.) (with weight function exp(− x 2)) to "probabilist's" Hermite polynomials He (.) (with weight function exp(− x 2 /2)).
The Stuart–Landau equation in fact describes an entire class of limit-cycle oscillators in the weakly-nonlinear limit. The form of the classical Stuart–Landau equation is much simpler, and perhaps not surprisingly, can be quantized by a Lindblad equation which is also simpler than the Lindblad equation for the van der Pol oscillator.
The quantum harmonic oscillator is the quantum-mechanical analog of the classical harmonic oscillator. Because an arbitrary smooth potential can usually be approximated as a harmonic potential at the vicinity of a stable equilibrium point, it is one of the most important model systems in quantum mechanics.