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Even and odd numbers: An integer is even if it is a multiple of 2, and is odd otherwise. Prime number: A positive integer with exactly two positive divisors: itself and 1. The primes form an infinite sequence 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, ...
An integer is even if it is divisible by 2, and odd if it is not. [1] For example, −4, 0, and 82 are even numbers, while −3, 5, 7, and 21 are odd numbers. The above definition of parity applies only to integer numbers, hence it cannot be applied to numbers like 1/2 or 4.201.
In mathematics, "rational" is often used as a noun abbreviating "rational number". The adjective rational sometimes means that the coefficients are rational numbers. For example, a rational point is a point with rational coordinates (i.e., a point whose coordinates are rational numbers); a rational matrix is a matrix of rational numbers; a rational polynomial may be a polynomial with rational ...
In mathematics, a negative number is the opposite of a positive real number. [1] Equivalently, a negative number is a real number that is less than zero. Negative numbers are often used to represent the magnitude of a loss or deficiency. A debt that is owed may be thought of as a negative asset.
The set of all half-integers is often denoted + = . The integers and half-integers together form a group under the addition operation, which may be denoted [2] . However, these numbers do not form a ring because the product of two half-integers is not a half-integer; e.g. = . [3] The smallest ring containing them is [], the ring of dyadic rationals.
The number 2 raised to any positive integer power must be even (because it is divisible by 2) and the number 3 raised to any positive integer power must be odd (since none of its prime factors will be 2). Clearly, an integer cannot be both odd and even at the same time: we have a contradiction. The only assumption we made was that log 2 3 is ...
An even number is an integer that is "evenly divisible" by two, that is divisible by two without remainder; an odd number is an integer that is not even. (The old-fashioned term "evenly divisible" is now almost always shortened to "divisible".) Any odd number n may be constructed by the formula n = 2k + 1, for a suitable integer k.
One can also extend the 2-order to the rational numbers by defining ν 2 (q) to be the unique integer ν where = and a and b are both odd. For example, half-integers have a negative 2-order, namely −1. Finally, by defining the 2-adic absolute value | | = (), one is well on the way to constructing the 2-adic numbers.