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A chilled beam is a type of radiation/convection HVAC system designed to heat and cool large buildings through the use of water. [1] This method removes most of the zone sensible local heat gains and allows the flow rate of pre-conditioned air from the air handling unit to be reduced, lowering by 60% to 80% the ducted design airflow rate and the equipment capacity requirements.
For example, a space requiring 5663 standard litre per minute (SLPM) (200 standard cubic feet per minute (SCFM)) of ventilation air and served with supply air that is 40% ventilation air, will require a box minimum setting of 14158 SLPM (500 SCFM) (i.e. 200/0.4) rather than the conventional practice of 5663 SLPM (200 SCFM). When the box ...
Air returns from the room at ceiling level or the maximum allowable height above the occupied zone. [1] The UFAD system takes advantage of the thermal plume and stratification phenomenon: the conditioned air is supplied directly to the occupied zone (OZ). The thermal plumes generated by the occupants and other heat sources introduce the ...
Displacement ventilation is best suited for taller spaces (higher than 3 meters [10 feet]). [2] Standard mixing ventilation may be better suited for smaller spaces where air quality is not as great a concern, such as single-occupant offices, and where the room height is not tall (e.g., lower than 2.3 meters [7.5 feet]).
A liquid (glycol based) chiller with an air cooled condenser on the rooftop of a medium size commercial building. In air conditioning systems, chilled coolant, usually chilled water mixed with ethylene glycol, from a chiller in an air conditioning or cooling plant is typically distributed to heat exchangers, or coils, in air handlers or other types of terminal devices which cool the air in ...
The thermal envelope, or heat flow control layer, is part of a building envelope but may be in a different location such as in a ceiling. The difference can be illustrated by the fact that an insulated attic floor is the primary thermal control layer between the inside of the house and the exterior while the entire roof (from the surface of the ...
4' x 2' or 2' x 2' FFUs are designed to be placed in ceiling grid bays with similar dimensions. [3] Ceiling grids with standard size bays that match FFU dimensions are used to construct cleanrooms. Depending on the cleanliness requirements of the controlled space, more fan filter units can be added to the grid in order to meet ISO standards for ...
Two regimes of stack effect can exist in buildings: normal and reverse. Normal stack effect occurs in buildings which are maintained at a higher temperature than the outdoor environment. Warm air within the building has a low density (or high specific volume) and exhibits a greater buoyancy force.