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pimobendan – phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor used to manage heart failure in dogs; pirlimycin – antimicrobial; ponazuril – anticoccidial; praziquantel – treatment of infestations of the tapeworms Dipylidium caninum, Taenia pisiformis, Echinococcus granulosus; prazosin – sympatholytic used in hypertension and abnormal muscle contractions
[5] [7] Occasionally, phimosis may be caused by an underlying condition such as scarring due to balanitis or balanitis xerotica obliterans. [5] This can typically be diagnosed by seeing scarring of the opening of the foreskin. [5] Generally, treatment is not considered necessary unless the foreskin still cannot be retracted by the age of 18. [4]
Common causative organisms include candida, chlamydia, and gonorrhea. The cause must be properly diagnosed before a treatment can be prescribed. A common risk factor is diabetes. Posthitis can lead to phimosis, the tightening of the foreskin which makes it difficult to retract over the glans. Posthitis can also lead to superficial ulcerations ...
Preputioplasty or prepuce plasty, also known as limited dorsal slit with transverse closure, is a plastic surgical operation on the prepuce or foreskin of the penis, [1] to widen a narrow non-retractile foreskin which cannot comfortably be drawn back off the head of the penis in erection because of a constriction which has not expanded after adolescence.
Dorsal slit has a long history as a treatment for adult phimosis, [1] since compared with circumcision it was relatively easy to perform, did not risk damage to the frenulum, and before the invention of antibiotics was less likely to become infected.
Phimosis (both pathologic and normal childhood physiologic forms) is a risk factor for paraphimosis; [5] physiologic phimosis resolves naturally as a child matures, but it may be advisable to treat pathologic phimosis via long-term stretching or elective surgical techniques (such as preputioplasty to loosen the preputial orifice or circumcision ...
Treatment of an infected dog is difficult, involving an attempt to poison the healthy worm with arsenic compounds without killing the weakened dog, and may not succeed. Prevention is recommended via the use of heartworm prophylactics , which contain a compound that kills the larvae immediately upon infection without harming the dog.
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