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Methylphenidate, sold under the brand names Ritalin (/ ˈ r ɪ t ə l ɪ n / RIT-ə-lin) and Concerta (/ k ə n ˈ s ɜːr t ə / kən-SUR-tə) among others, is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant indicated in the pharmacotherapy of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.
Despite having a similar therapeutic mechanism of action as first-line medications containing amphetamine, the prescription of dextromethamphetamine for ADHD is rare due its relatively greater reinforcing potential, in addition to the comparable efficacy and presumably greater safety of methylphenidate and amphetamine.
Magnetic resonance imaging studies suggest that long-term treatment with amphetamine or methylphenidate decreases abnormalities in brain structure and function found in subjects with ADHD. [ 262 ] [ 263 ] [ 264 ] A 2018 review found the greatest short-term benefit with methylphenidate in children, and amphetamines in adults. [ 241 ]
Amphetamines and methylphenidate are classified by the Drug Enforcement Administration as Schedule II controlled substances, the same designation given to cocaine, OxyContin and fentanyl.
Two common trade brands for ADHD medication, Adderall and Concerta are made from different drug formulas. Adderall is made from amphetamine mixed salts and Concerta is made from methylphenidate.
Amphetamine, an NDRA and one of the most well-known DRAs. 4-Methylaminorex (4-MAR), the cis- isomer being one of the most dopamine-selective NDRAs known.. A dopamine releasing agent (DRA) is a type of drug which induces the release of dopamine in the body and/or brain.
Ritalin (methylphenidate) – a stimulant used to treat ADHD; ReVia – an opioid antagonist primarily used in the management of alcohol dependence, opioid dependence or other impulse control/addictive behaviors such as habitual self-mutilation; Rexulti (brexpiprazole) – atypical antipsychotic used to treat mood and psychotic disorders
The ROMs of the game and its sequel were formerly offered by the owner Randel Reiss for free download. In 2021, however, the rights to both games were purchased by Piko Interactive, leding the download links for the ROMs to disappear from Technopop's website, [121] but they are still available for free download on Zophar's Domain.