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Infectious esophagitis. Esophagitis happens due to a viral, fungal, parasitic or bacterial infection. More likely to happen to people who have an immunodeficiency. Types include: Fungal Candida (Esophageal candidiasis) Viral Herpes simplex (Herpes esophagitis) Cytomegalovirus; Drug-induced esophagitis. Damage to the esophagus due to medications.
For example, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with reflux esophagitis is treated with proton pump inhibitors. Esophageal rings or strictures may be treated with esophageal dilation. Simple observation may be considered, [5] especially if symptoms are minimal or absent. If symptoms are severe or persistent, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM ...
Boutelier et al. [8] noted on gastroscopy ulcers and erosions at the level of the neck of the hernia in individuals with acute and chronic bleeding, but no detailed description was given. Cameron and Higgins in 1986 [ 1 ] described linear gastric erosions, later called "Cameron lesions", in people with x-rays showing one-third or more of the ...
Bleeding ulcers may be treated by endoscopy, with open surgery typically only used in cases in which it is not successful. [2] Peptic ulcers are present in around 4% of the population. [1] New ulcers were found in around 87.4 million people worldwide during 2015. [5] About 10% of people develop a peptic ulcer at some point in their life. [9]
Causes of gastric outlet obstruction include both benign causes, such as peptic ulcer disease affecting the area around the pylorus, and malignant causes, such as gastric cancer. Causation related to ulcers may involve severe pain which the patient may interpret as a heart condition or attack. [1]
The symptoms vary from the severity of the disorder. The most classic sign of AEN is the dark pigmentation of esophageal mucosa in an upper endoscopy, usually viewed as an ulcer or as an infectious disease. [6] Necrosis can be found mostly between the three distals of the esophagus, but stops abruptly at the gastroesophageal junction. [2]
Patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy may experience bleeding from the stomach, which may uncommonly manifest itself in vomiting blood or melena; however, portal hypertension may cause several other more common sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, such as esophageal varices and gastric varices. On endoscopic evaluation of the ...
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding can be caused by peptic ulcers, gastric erosions, esophageal varices, and rarer causes such as gastric cancer. The initial assessment includes measurement of the blood pressure and heart rate , as well as blood tests to determine the hemoglobin .