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Extraversion and introversion are a central trait dimension in human personality theory. The terms were introduced into psychology by Carl Jung , [ 1 ] though both the popular understanding and current psychological usage are not the same as Jung's original concept.
Analytical psychology distinguishes several psychological types or temperaments. Extravert (Jung's spelling, although some dictionaries prefer the variant extrovert) Introvert; Extraversion means "outward-turning" and introversion means "inward-turning". [21] These specific definitions vary somewhat from the popular usage of the words.
Various schools of psychology define introversion differently. [ 13 ] [ 22 ] Cain's definition is that introverts have a preference for a quiet, more minimally stimulating environment. [ 3 ] [ 20 ] [ 21 ] Introverts tend to enjoy quiet concentration, listen more than they talk, and think before they speak, [ 11 ] and have a more circumspect and ...
Introversion: "a turning inwards of the libido, whereby a negative relation of subject to object is expressed. Interest does not move towards the object, but recedes towards the subject." [1] Consciously, in an introvert, the four basic cognitive functions follow the introverted 'general attitude of consciousness'. "Everyone whose attitude is ...
Theories could also be considered an "approach" to personality or psychology and is generally referred to as a model. The model is an older and more theoretical approach to personality, accepting extroversion and introversion as basic psychological orientations in connection with two pairs of psychological functions:
A chart with descriptions of each Myers–Briggs personality type and the four dichotomies central to the theory. The Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a self-report questionnaire that makes pseudoscientific claims [6] to categorize individuals into 16 distinct "psychological types" or "personality types".
Jung's interest in typology grew from his desire to reconcile the theories of Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler, and to define how his own perspective differed from theirs.. Jung wrote, "In attempting to answer this question, I came across the problem of types; for it is one's psychological type which from the outset determines and limits a person's judgm
In psychology, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) is a questionnaire to assess the personality traits of a person. It was devised by psychologists Hans Jürgen Eysenck and Sybil B. G. Eysenck. [1] Hans Eysenck's theory is based primarily on physiology and genetics. Although he was a behaviorist who considered learned habits of great ...