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The first product bearing the Bournville name was Bournville Cocoa powder in 1906 then Bournville Chocolate in 1908. [1] It was first sold as a wrapped bar named Bournville Chocolate in 1908. [2] The brand is widely available throughout the United Kingdom, Ireland, South Africa and India and has a minimum 36% cocoa content there.
Cocoa powder is the powdered form of the dry solids with a small remaining amount of cocoa butter. Untreated cocoa powder is bitter and acidic. Dutch process cocoa has been treated with an alkali to neutralize the acid. Cocoa powder contains flavanols, amounts of which are reduced if the cocoa is subjected to acid-reducing alkalization. [1]
Dutch processed cocoa has a neutral pH, and is not acidic like natural cocoa, so in recipes that use sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) as the leavening agent (which relies on the acidity of the cocoa to activate it), an acid must be added to the recipe, such as cream of tartar or the use of buttermilk instead of fresh milk.
According to a temporary marketing permit granted by the Food and Drug Administration in the United States in 2019, ruby chocolate is defined as: . The solid or semiplastic food prepared by mixing and grinding cacao fat with one or more of the cacao ingredients (namely, chocolate liquor, breakfast cocoa, cocoa and lowfat cocoa), citric acid, one or more of optional dairy ingredients, and one ...
Cocoa (processed cacao) Cacao bean – Fatty seed of Theobroma cacao Chocolate liquor, also known as chocolate mass – Pure cocoa mass in solid or semi-solid form Cocoa butter – Pale-yellow, edible fat extracted from the cocoa bean; Cocoa solids – Mixture remaining after cocoa butter is extracted from cocoa beans
Food powder (also called powdery food) is the most common format of dried solid food material that meets specific quality standards, such as moisture content, particle size, and particular morphology. [1] Common powdery food products include milk powder, tea powder, cocoa powder, coffee powder, soybean flour, wheat flour, and chili powder. [1]
In 2002, the US Food and Drug Administration established a standard for white chocolate as the "common or usual name of products made from cocoa fat (i.e., cocoa butter), milk solids, nutritive carbohydrate sweeteners, and other safe and suitable ingredients, but containing no nonfat cocoa solids".
Compound chocolate is a product made from a combination of cocoa, vegetable fat and sweeteners. It is used as a lower-cost alternative to pure chocolate, as it uses less-expensive hard vegetable fats such as coconut oil or palm kernel oil in place of the more expensive cocoa butter. [1]