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High reliability organization theory and HROs are often contrasted against Charles Perrow's Normal Accident Theory [5] (see Sagan [6] for a comparison of HRO and NAT). NAT represents Perrow's attempt to translate his understanding of the disaster at Three Mile Island nuclear facility into a more general formulation of accidents and disasters.
The term high reliability organization (HRO) is an emergent property described by Weick (and Karlene Roberts at UC-Berkeley). Highly mindful organizations characteristically exhibit: a) Preoccupation with failure, b) Reluctance to simplify c) Sensitivity to operations, d) Commitment to Resilience, and e) Deference to Expertise.
She studies high-reliability organizations and group decision making in order to understand how organizations and their members cope with uncertainty and unexpected events, with a focus on reliability, resilience, and safety in health care.
[72] [73] Similarly to Maslach's scale, there is the Conservation of Resources Theory which essentially states that if one of the four pillars are lost, so is safety and control, "Healthcare organizations and nursing administration should develop strategies to protect nurses from the threat of resource loss to decrease nurse burnout, which may ...
Healthcare systems are complex in that they are diverse in both structure (e.g. nursing units, pharmacies, emergency departments, operating rooms) and professional mix (e.g. nurses, physicians, pharmacists, administrators, therapists) and made up of multiple interconnected elements with adaptive tendencies in that they have the capacity to change and learn from experience.
High reliability organization – Organization successful in avoiding catastrophes where accidents are expected due to risk; Human reliability – Factor in safety, ergonomics and system resilience; Human factors and ergonomics – Designing systems to suit their users; Industrial and organizational psychology – Branch of psychology
Charles Bryce Perrow (February 9, 1925 – November 12, 2019), or Chick Perrow [1] was an American sociologist and a leading figure of organizational sociology. [2] He spent most of his career at SUNY Stony Brook and Yale University as a professor of sociology.
A reliability engineer has the task of assessing the probability of a plant operator failing to carry out the task of isolating a plant bypass route as required by procedure. However, the operator is fairly inexperienced in fulfilling this task and therefore typically does not follow the correct procedure; the individual is therefore unaware of ...