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There is ongoing debate over how cyberwarfare should be defined and no absolute definition is widely agreed upon. [9] [12] While the majority of scholars, militaries, and governments use definitions that refer to state and state-sponsored actors, [9] [13] [14] other definitions may include non-state actors, such as terrorist groups, companies, political or ideological extremist groups ...
Cyberwarfare is the use of cyber attacks against an enemy state, causing comparable harm to actual warfare and/or disrupting vital computer systems. [4] Some intended outcomes could be espionage, sabotage, propaganda, manipulation or economic warfare.
Joint Cyber Defense Command of the Armed Forces Joint Staff (Comando Conjunto de Ciberdefensa del Estado Mayor Conjunto de las Fuerzas Armadas) [2]Cyberdefense Operations Center (Centro de Operaciones de Ciberdefensa) [2]
C. Camfecting; Capture the flag (cybersecurity) Careto (malware) CenterPOS Malware; Centre for Cybersecurity & Cybercrime Investigation; Charming Kitten
The Office of Tailored Access Operations (TAO), now Computer Network Operations, and structured as S32, [1] is a cyber-warfare intelligence-gathering unit of the National Security Agency (NSA). [2] It has been active since at least 1998, possibly 1997, but was not named or structured as TAO until "the last days of 2000," according to General ...
A cyber force is a military branch of a nation's armed forces that conducts military operations in cyberspace and cyberwarfare. [1] The world's first independent cyber force was the People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force, which was established in 2015 and also serves as China's space force.
The 2007 cyberattacks on Estonia were a series of cyberattacks that began on 27 April 2007 and targeted websites of Estonian organizations, including Estonian parliament, banks, ministries, newspapers, and broadcasters, amid the country's disagreement with Russia about the relocation of the Bronze Soldier of Tallinn, an elaborate Soviet-era grave marker, as well as war graves in Tallinn.
Information warfare (IW) is the battlespace use and management of information and communication technology (ICT) in pursuit of a competitive advantage over an opponent. It is different from cyberwarfare that attacks computers, software, and command control systems.