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A corollary of the Pythagorean theorem's converse is a simple means of determining whether a triangle is right, obtuse, or acute, as follows. Let c be chosen to be the longest of the three sides and a + b > c (otherwise there is no triangle according to the triangle inequality). The following statements apply: [29] If a 2 + b 2 = c 2, then the ...
If c = p e is a prime power, there exists a primitive Pythagorean triple a 2 + b 2 = c 2 if and only if the prime p has the form 4n + 1; this triple is unique up to the exchange of a and b. More generally, a positive integer c is the hypotenuse of a primitive Pythagorean triple if and only if each prime factor of c is congruent to 1 modulo 4 ...
Fig. 1 – A triangle. The angles α (or A), β (or B), and γ (or C) are respectively opposite the sides a, b, and c.. In trigonometry, the law of cosines (also known as the cosine formula or cosine rule) relates the lengths of the sides of a triangle to the cosine of one of its angles.
Area of triangle C = sum of areas of A and B. All three right triangles are similar, so all three areas are proportional to the side bordering the centre triangle. Hence, α(a2 + b2) = α c2, or dividing by α, we have Pythagoras' theorem.
With a the shorter and b the longer legs of a triangle and c its hypotenuse, the Pythagoras family of triplets is defined by c − b = 1, the Plato family by c − b = 2, and the Fermat family by | a − b | = 1. The Stifel sequence produces all primitive triplets of the Pythagoras family, and the Ozanam sequence produces all primitive triples ...
By the Pythagorean theorem we have b 2 = h 2 + d 2 and a 2 = h 2 + (c − d) 2 according to the figure at the right. Subtracting these yields a 2 − b 2 = c 2 − 2cd. This equation allows us to express d in terms of the sides of the triangle: = + +. For the height of the triangle we have that h 2 = b 2 − d 2.
IM 67118, also known as Db 2-146, is an Old Babylonian clay tablet in the collection of the Iraq Museum that contains the solution to a problem in plane geometry concerning a rectangle with given area and diagonal.
If any of the above matrices, say A, is applied to a triple (a, b, c) T having the Pythagorean property a 2 + b 2 = c 2 to obtain a new triple (d, e, f) T = A(a, b, c) T, this new triple is also Pythagorean.