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  2. Integrative and conjugative element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrative_and...

    The transfer of an integrated ICE element from the donor to recipient bacterium must be preceded by its excision from the chromosome that is co-promoted by small DNA-binding proteins, the so-called recombination directionality factors. The dynamics of the integration and excision processes are specific to each integrative and conjugative element.

  3. Antarctic microorganism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctic_microorganism

    Distribution of most nematode species is correlated negatively with elevation (due to temperature and precipitation) and salinity, and positively with soil moisture, soil organic matter, and nutrient availability. [3] Eudorylaimus spp. is the second most abundant nematode, followed by Plectus murrayi who are the least abundant nematodes. [3]

  4. Antifreeze protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifreeze_protein

    Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) or ice structuring proteins refer to a class of polypeptides produced by certain animals, plants, fungi and bacteria that permit their survival in temperatures below the freezing point of water. AFPs bind to small ice crystals to inhibit the growth and recrystallization of ice that would otherwise be fatal. [3]

  5. Microbiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiology

    Microbiology (from Ancient Greek μῑκρος (mīkros) ' small ' βίος (bíos) ' life ' and -λογία ' study of ') is the scientific study of microorganisms, those being of unicellular (single-celled), multicellular (consisting of complex cells), or acellular (lacking cells).

  6. Microorganism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism

    Microbes.info is a microbiology information portal containing a vast collection of resources including articles, news, frequently asked questions, and links pertaining to the field of microbiology. Our Microbial Planet Archived 15 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine A free poster from the National Academy of Sciences about the positive roles ...

  7. Microbiome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiome

    A microbiome (from Ancient Greek μικρός (mikrós) ' small ' and βίος (bíos) ' life ') is the community of microorganisms that can usually be found living together in any given habitat. It was defined more precisely in 1988 by Whipps et al. as "a characteristic microbial community occupying a reasonably well-defined habitat which has ...

  8. Sea ice microbial communities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_ice_microbial_communities

    Brine salinity can increase to as much as 100 PSU when sea ice temperature reaches ~3 °C below the freezing point of seawater. [5] Brine temperature typically ranges from -1.9 to -6.7 °C in the winter. [6] Sea ice temperatures fluctuate in response to irradiance and atmospheric temperatures, but also change in response to the volume of snowfall.

  9. Microbial cooperation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_cooperation

    Microorganisms, or microbes, span all three domains of life – bacteria, archaea, and many unicellular eukaryotes including some fungi and protists.Typically defined as unicellular life forms that can only be observed with a microscope, microorganisms were the first cellular life forms, and were critical for creating the conditions for the evolution of more complex multicellular forms.