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Roger I ruled the County of Sicily at the time of the birth of his youngest son, Roger, at Mileto, Calabria, in 1095. [5] Roger I's nephew, Roger Borsa , was the duke of Apulia and Calabria , and his great nephew, Richard II of Capua , was the prince of Capua .
Roger I (Italian: Ruggero; Arabic: رُجار, romanized: Rujār; Maltese: Ruġġieru; Norse: Rogierr; c. 1031 [1] – 22 June 1101), nicknamed "Roger Bosso" and "Grand Count Roger", [a] was a Norman nobleman who became the first Grand Count of Sicily from 1071 to 1101.
Roger's son, Roger II of Sicily, was ultimately able to raise the status of the island, along with his holds of Malta and Southern Italy to a kingdom in 1130. [ 19 ] [ 30 ] During this period, the Kingdom of Sicily was prosperous and politically powerful, becoming one of the wealthiest states in all of Europe; even wealthier than England .
Under his grandfather, Roger II, and successors William I and William II, the Norman kingdom of Sicily was arguably the most centralized state in all of Europe. However, during the years of Frederick's minority, subsequent regents had allowed the nobility to grab much of the Crown's power and domain.
Roger offered to give Apulia as a fief to the Empire, which Lothair refused after being pressured by Innocent. At the same period, the army of Lothair revolted. [10] [12] Lothair, who had hoped for the complete conquest of Sicily, then gave Capua and Apulia from the Kingdom of Sicily to Roger's enemies. Innocent protested, claiming that Apulia ...
Roger II received royal investiture from Antipope Anacletus II in 1130 and recognition from Pope Innocent II in 1139. The Kingdom of Sicily, which by then comprised not only the island, but also the southern third of the Italian peninsula, rapidly expanded itself to include Malta and the Mahdia, the latter if only briefly.
The first Sicilian monarch was Roger I, Count of Sicily. The last monarch was King Ferdinand III of Sicily; during his reign, the Kingdom of Naples merged with the Kingdom of Sicily. The subsequent monarchs were Kings of the Two Sicilies. See also: List of monarchs of Sicily; List of monarchs of Naples. Kings of Naples family tree
The Battle of Rignano was the second great defeat of the career of Roger II of Sicily and, like the first, the Battle of Nocera, it too came at the hands of Ranulf II, Count of Alife. The prime difference was the position of the two combatants.