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Ferrites can be divided into two groups based on their magnetic coercivity, their resistance to being demagnetized: [2] "Hard" ferrites have high coercivity, so are difficult to demagnetize. They are used to make permanent magnets for applications such as refrigerator magnets, loudspeakers, and small electric motors.
Ferrites that are used in transformer or electromagnetic cores contain iron oxides combined with nickel, zinc, and/or manganese compounds. They have a low coercivity and are called "soft ferrites" to distinguish them from "hard ferrites", which have a high coercivity and are used to make ferrite magnets .
A ferrite bead with its plastic shell removed. Ferrite beads prevent electromagnetic interference (EMI) in two directions: from a device or to a device. [1] A conductive cable acts as an antenna – if the device produces radio-frequency energy, this can be transmitted through the cable, which acts as an unintentional radiator.
Zinc ferrites are a series of synthetic inorganic compounds of zinc and iron with the general formula of Zn x Fe 3−x O 4. Zinc ferrite compounds can be prepared by aging solutions of Zn(NO 3 ) 2 , Fe(NO 3 ) 3 , and triethanolamine in the presence and in the absence of hydrazine , [ 1 ] or reacting iron oxides and zinc oxide at high temperature.
This directional property is used in the construction of microwave devices like isolators, circulators, and gyrators. Ferrimagnetic materials are also used to produce optical isolators and circulators. Ferrimagnetic minerals in various rock types are used to study ancient geomagnetic properties of Earth and other planets.
Barium ferrites are robust ceramics that are generally stable to moisture and corrosion-resistant. [9] Ba‑Fe ferrite is an oxide, so it does not break down due to oxidation as much as a metal alloy might; giving Ba‑Fe a much greater life expectancy. [4]
Image credits: Sasha Weilbaker #7 Solar Panels. While both solar panels and plant leaves harvest energy from the sun, a team at Princeton University took biomimicry in solar panels a step further ...
Thulium-169 is thulium's only primordial isotope and is the only isotope of thulium that is thought to be stable; it is predicted to undergo alpha decay to holmium-165 with a very long half-life. [10] [22] The longest-lived radioisotopes are thulium-171, which has a half-life of 1.92 years, and thulium-170, which has a