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The main source of polyphenols is dietary, since they are found in a wide array of phytochemical-bearing foods.For example, honey; most legumes; fruits such as apples, blackberries, blueberries, cantaloupe, pomegranate, cherries, cranberries, grapes, pears, plums, raspberries, aronia berries, and strawberries (berries in general have high polyphenol content [5]) and vegetables such as broccoli ...
Natural phenols are a class of molecules found in abundance in plants. Many common foods contain rich sources of polyphenols which have antioxidant properties only in test tube studies. As interpreted by the Linus Pauling Institute, dietary polyphenols have little or no direct antioxidant food value following digestion. [7]
Mainly found in the fruit skins and seeds, high levels of polyphenols may reflect only the measured extractable polyphenol (EPP) content of a fruit which may also contain non-extractable polyphenols. Black tea contains high amounts of polyphenol and makes up for 20% of its weight. [20] Concentration can be made by ultrafiltration. [21]
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Many other foods and beverages may also contain proanthocyanidins, but few attain the levels found in red grape seeds and skins, [6] with a notable exception being aronia, which has the highest recorded level of proanthocyanidins among fruits assessed to date (664 milligrams per 100 g).
According to government guidelines, fruit and vegetables should form the cornerstone of your diet. Yet the reality is that a mere 12% of adults meet the recommended 1.5-2 cups of fruit daily ...
Others, such as some polyphenols and flavonoids, may be pro-oxidants in high ingested amounts. [23] Non-digestible dietary fibers from plant foods, often considered as a phytochemical, [24] are now generally regarded as a nutrient group having approved health claims for reducing the risk of some types of cancer [25] and coronary heart disease. [26]
There are three ways to test if a fruit interacts with drugs: Test a drug–fruit combination in humans [11] Test a fruit chemically for the presence of the interacting polyphenol compounds; Test a fruit genetically for the genes needed to make the interacting polyphenol compounds [32] The first approach involves risk to trial volunteers.