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The Btu should not be confused with the Board of Trade Unit (BTU), an obsolete UK synonym for kilowatt hour (1 kW⋅h or 3,412 Btu). The Btu is often used to express the conversion-efficiency of heat into electrical energy in power plants. Figures are quoted in terms of the quantity of heat in Btu required to generate 1 kW⋅h of electrical energy.
U = Overall heat transfer coefficient in Btu/(ft2-hr-deg F) A = Area in square feet T1 = outdoor temperature in degrees F T2 = indoor temperature in degrees F For heat gains due to people, equipment (hooded and unhooded), and lighting
One BTU is the energy required to raise one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit, but the many different types of BTU are based on different interpretations of this “definition”. In the United States the power of HVAC systems (the rate of cooling and dehumidifying or heating) is sometimes expressed in BTU/hour instead of watts.
Another unit common in non-metric regions or sectors is the ton of refrigeration, which describes the amount of water at freezing temperature that can be frozen in 24 hours, equivalent to 3.5 kW or 12,000 BTU/h. [1] [2] [3]
The BTU was originally defined so that the average specific heat capacity of water would be 1 BTU/lb⋅°F. [19] Note the value's similarity to that of the calorie - 4187 J/kg⋅°C ≈ 4184 J/kg⋅°C (~.07%) - as they are essentially measuring the same energy, using water as a basis reference, scaled to their systems' respective lbs and °F ...
In those contexts, the unit of heat capacity is 1 BTU/°R ≈ 1900 J/K. [5] The BTU was in fact defined so that the average heat capacity of one pound of water would be 1 BTU/°F. In this regard, with respect to mass, note conversion of 1 Btu/lb⋅°R ≈ 4,187 J/kg⋅K [6] and the calorie (below).
Typical PTAC heating and cooling capacity values range from 7,000–19,000 BTU/h (2 to 5.5 kilowatts) nominal. [3] PTACs are commonly installed in window walls and masonry walls, with multiple standard dimensions available including 42×16 inches (1067x406 mm), 36x15 inches, and 40x15 inches. Their installation typically requires the following:
12,000.00 Btu IT /h 2,593.90 ft⋅lbf/s A ton of refrigeration ( TR or TOR ), also called a refrigeration ton ( RT ), is a unit of power used in some countries (especially in North America) to describe the heat-extraction capacity of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment.
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