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Protective factors are conditions or attributes (skills, strengths, resources, supports or coping strategies) in individuals, families, communities or the larger society that help people deal more effectively with stressful events and mitigate or eliminate risk in families and communities.
The concept of resilience has been heavily researched in adolescents and now includes specific character traits and behaviors known as protective and recovery factors. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Previously, researchers have focused on identifying the characteristics of resilient individuals and started to explore the possibility of family resilience ...
Psychological resilience is the ability to cope mentally and emotionally with a crisis, or to return to pre-crisis status quickly. [1]The term was popularized in the 1970s and 1980s by psychologist Emmy Werner as she conducted a forty-year-long study of a cohort of Hawaiian children who came from low socioeconomic status backgrounds.
The SPF assesses a wider range of protective factors than other scales. The SPF is the only measure that has been shown to assess social and cognitive protective factors. [2] The SPF includes four sub-scales that indicate the strengths and weaknesses that contribute to overall resilience.
Protective factors can mitigate or provide a buffer against the effects of major stressors by providing an individual with developmentally adaptive outlets to deal with stress. [10] Examples of protective factors include a positive parent-child attachment relationship, a supportive peer network, and individual social and emotional competence. [10]
Among the 6 factors (vulnerability, severity, rewards, response efficacy, self-efficacy, and response costs), self-efficacy is the most correlated with protection motivation, according to meta-analysis studies. [11] [12] Cognitive process of protection motivation theory developed by Ronald W. Rogers in 1983
These factors interact to create a threshold for the development of mental disorders. The types of coping and defense mechanisms used can either contribute to vulnerability or act as protective factors. [39] Coping and defence mechanisms work in tandem to balance out feelings of anxiety or guilt, categorizing them both as a "mechanisms of ...
Strength-based practice is a social work practice theory that emphasizes people's self-determination and strengths. It is a philosophy and a way of viewing clients (originally psychological patients, but in an extended sense also employees, colleagues or other persons) as resourceful and resilient in the face of adversity. [ 1 ]