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Glycerol kinase, encoded by the gene GK, is a phosphotransferase enzyme involved in triglycerides and glycerophospholipids synthesis. Glycerol kinase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate from ATP to glycerol thus forming glycerol 3-phosphate :
Glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD) is an X-linked recessive enzyme defect that is heterozygous in nature. Three clinically distinct forms of this deficiency have been ...
Hyperglycerolemia, also known as glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD), is a genetic disorder where the enzyme glycerol kinase is deficient resulting in a build-up of glycerol in the body. Glycerol kinase is responsible for synthesizing triglycerides and glycerophospholipids in the body. Excess amounts of glycerol can be found in the blood and/ or ...
Brown adipose tissue contains more glyceroneogenesis-related enzymes, in particular PEPC-K and glycerol kinase. PEPC-K is around 10 times more active than in white adipose tissue, and is the key regulatory enzyme that controls the activity of the pathway. [3]
DHAP and thus glycerol 3-phosphate can also be synthesized from amino acids and citric acid cycle intermediates via the glyceroneogenesis pathway. + NAD(P)H + H + → + NAD(P) + It is also synthesized by the phosphorylation of glycerol, which is generated by hydrolysis of fats. This esterification is catalyzed by glycerol kinase. + ATP → + ADP
The glycerol also enters the bloodstream and is absorbed by the liver or kidney where it is converted to glycerol 3-phosphate by the enzyme glycerol kinase. Hepatic glycerol 3-phosphate is converted mostly into dihydroxyacetonephosphate (DHAP) and then glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GA3P) to rejoin the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathway. [15]
2645 103988 Ensembl ENSG00000106633 ENSMUSG00000041798 UniProt P35557 P52792 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_033508 NM_000162 NM_033507 NM_010292 NM_001287386 RefSeq (protein) NP_000153 NP_277042 NP_277043 NP_001341729 NP_001341730 NP_001341731 NP_001341732 NP_001274315 NP_034422 Location (UCSC) n/a Chr 11: 5.85 – 5.9 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Glucokinase Identifiers EC no ...
The first reaction is the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) at the position-1 (in the diagram it is shown as the 4th carbon from glycolysis), in which an aldehyde is converted into a carboxylic acid (ΔG°'=-50 kJ/mol (−12kcal/mol)) and NAD+ is simultaneously reduced endergonically to NADH.