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Normal ear drum. A perforated eardrum (tympanic membrane perforation) is a prick in the eardrum. It can be caused by infection (otitis media), trauma, overpressure (loud noise), inappropriate ear clearing, and changes in middle ear pressure. An otoscope can be used to view the eardrum to diagnose a perforation. Perforations may heal naturally ...
The diagnosis is made by the combination of symptoms and examination of the tympanic membrane for redness, bulging, and/or a middle ear effusion (collection of fluid within the middle ear). [ 5 ] Complications of otitis media include hearing loss , facial nerve paralysis, or extension of infection to surrounding anatomic structures, including ...
First-line treatment options are generally aimed at treating the underlying cause and include attempting to "pop" the ears, usually via the Valsalva maneuver, the use of oral or topical decongestants, oral steroids, oral antihistamines, and topical nasal steroid sprays, such as Flonase.
The oval perforation in this left tympanic membrane was the result of a slap on the ear four days previously. The sudden increased air pressure in the external auditory canal produced this traumatic blast perforation. Acoustic trauma is the sustainment of an injury to the eardrum as a result of a very loud noise.
If inner ear barotrauma and decompression sickness can be excluded, treatment may include any combination of short term use of nasal decongestants, intranasal steroid sprays and antibiotics for secondary infections. Surgical repair of persistent perforation of the eardrum may be necessary. [1]
The term 'myringoplasty' refers to repair of the tympanic membrane alone. [3] There are several options for treating a perforated eardrum.If the perforation is from recent trauma, many ear, nose and throat specialists will elect to watch and see if it heals on its own.
Diagnosing bullous myringitis involves using an otoscope to spot distinctive white sack-like structures on the eardrum.Ear pain is the primary complaint. However, differentiating it from acute otitis media can be difficult, leading to early misdiagnosis.The rarity of bullous myringitis, especially compared to acute otitis media, can result in common misdiagnoses.
A myringotomy is a surgical procedure in which an incision is created in the eardrum (tympanic membrane) to relieve pressure caused by excessive buildup of fluid, or to drain pus from the middle ear. A tympanostomy tube may be inserted through the eardrum to keep the middle ear aerated for a prolonged time and to prevent reaccumulation of fluid ...