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By the 17th century there were regional variations of basket-hilts: the Walloon hilt, the Sinclair hilt, schiavona, mortuary sword, Scottish broadsword, and some types of eastern European pallasches. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 6 ] The mortuary and claybeg variants were commonly used in the British isles, whether domestically produced or acquired through ...
Many also had a hinged inner guard so that the sword rested flush against the uniform when worn. A spadroon [1] is a light sword with a straight-edged blade, enabling both cut and thrust attacks. This English term first came into use in the early 18th century, though the type of sword it referred to was in common usage during the late 17th century.
By the 17th century, guards were developed that incorporated a solid shield that surrounded the blade out to a diameter of up to two inches or more. Older forms of this guard retained the quillons or a single quillon, but later forms eliminated the quillons, altogether being referred to as a cup-hilt.
The cutlass is a 17th-century descendant of the edged short sword, exemplified by the medieval falchion.. Woodsmen and soldiers in the 17th and 18th centuries used a similar short and broad backsword called a hanger, or in German a messer, meaning "knife".
The first type of szabla, the Hungarian-Polish (węgiersko-polska), was popularized among the szlachta during the reign of the Transylvanian-Hungarian King of Poland Stefan Batory in the late 16th century. It featured a large, open hilt with a cross-shaped guard formed from quillons and upper and lower langets and a heavy blade.
Later in the 17th century, the swords used by cavalry became predominantly single-edged. The so-called walloon sword (épée wallone) [76] was common in the Thirty Years' War and Baroque era. [77] Its hilt was ambidextrous with shell-guards and knuckle-bow that inspired 18th-century continental hunting hangers. [78]
A later example is the "Monza sword" of Estore Visconti (early 15th century), where the rain-guard is of silver and decorated with a floral motif. After the end of the Middle Ages, crossguards became more elaborate, forming first quillons and then, through the addition of guard branches, the basket hilt , which offered more protection to the ...
The hilt was often constructed of box root (dudgeon) in the 16th and 17th centuries, and the dagger was sometimes called a dudgeon dagger or dudgeonhafted dagger in this period. [2] The Bollock dagger was often used during Shakespeare's time and was only permitted to be carried by men.