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The caves were used between 1830 and the 1860s for producing lime. The 25-inch to a mile (approx 1:2,500) Ordnance Survey map of 1862–63 describes the place as a "chalk pit" and marks an "engine house" and two remaining kilns. [9] A further investigation produced, among other evidence, a letter from the son of one of the workers. [10]
Chalk mining is the extraction of chalk from underground and above ground deposits by mining. [1] Mined chalk is used mostly to make cement and bricks . Chalk mining was widespread in Britain in the 19th century because of the large amount of construction underway (and the Industrial Revolution ). [ 2 ]
Purfleet Chalk Pits is a 10.7-hectare (26-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Purfleet in Essex. [1] [2] It is a Geological Conservation Review site.[3]The chalk pits expose sands and gravels which are associated with the ancient course of the River Thames.
This large disused chalk quarry is a rare example of standing water in chalk. It is important both ornithologically and for its range of dragonflies. There are two marl lakes, which have aquatic plants and molluscs, and there are fens in a waterlogged area between the lakes. [37] Kensworth Chalk Pit: 130.9 hectares (323 acres) NO Kensworth
The oak woodland is ancient, and it provides a feeding habitat for the bats. [1] The deneholes in the wood, which were sometimes known as Cunobeline's gold mines, [7] are described by English Heritage as medieval or post-medieval and were used for chalk or flint mining. [8] The origin of these deneholes is discussed by Tony Benton. [5]
The Glen Chalk Caves, Bury St Edmunds is a 1.6-hectare (4.0-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Bury St Edmunds in Suffolk. [1] [2]Tunnels totalling 200 metres in length radiate from a chalk pit which also contains a disused lime kiln, and the tunnels and kiln are used by five species of bat for hibernation between September and April, and the surrounding vegetation helps ...
Boxford Chalk Pit is a 0.4-hectare (0.99-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Boxford in Berkshire. [1] [2] It is a Geological Conservation Review site. [3] [4] This site has a unique succession of tilted beds dating to the Upper Cretaceous, between the late Coniacian and the Santonian, from around 87 to 84 million years ago.
Catton Grove Chalk Pit is a 0.6-hectare (1.5-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest on the northern outskirts of Norwich in Norfolk, England. [1] [2] It is a Geological Conservation Review site. [3] This Cretaceous site exposes rocks dating to the late Campanian, around 75 million years ago, and it is the type site for the Catton ...