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The so-called "Polar Cycle" is a myth recorded by ancient Greek authors which is connected with the origin of the Scythians from Central Asia, [67] and is itself of Central Asian and Siberian origin. [68] According to this myth, the Issedones dwelt to the east of the Scythians when
The initial westward migration of the Scythians from Central Asia was accompanied by the introduction into the north Pontic region of articles originating in the Siberian Karasuk culture and which were characteristic of Late Srubnaya archaeological culture, consisting of cast bronze cauldrons, daggers, swords, and horse harnesses. The Late ...
Like the nomads of the Chernogorovka-Novocherkassk complex, the Scythians originated, along with the Early Sakas, in Central Asia and Siberia [60] [61] in the steppes corresponding to either present-day eastern Kazakhstan or the Altai-Sayan region, which is attested by the continuity of Scythian burial rites and weaponry types with the Karasuk ...
Scythians can broadly be differentiated into "Western" and "Eastern" sub-groups, with Western Scythians displaying affinity to various modern groups in the Caucasus and Central Asia, while Eastern Scythian affinity is more widespread but nearly exclusively found among modern Turkic-speaking as well as Uralic and Paleosiberian peoples.
The Saka tribe of the Massagetae/ Tigraxaudā rose to power in the 8th to 7th centuries BC, when they migrated from the east into Central Asia, [51] from where they expelled the Scythians, another nomadic Iranian tribe to whom they were closely related, after which they came to occupy large areas of the region beginning in the 6th century BC. [40]
The arrival of the Scythians in West Asia about 40 years after that of the Cimmerians suggests that there is no available evidence to the later Graeco-Roman account of the Cimmerians crossing the Caucasus and moving south into West Asia under pressure from the Scythians migrating into their territories. [64] [65] [63]
The Scythian genealogical myth was an epic cycle of the Scythian religion detailing the origin of the Scythians.This myth held an important position in the worldview of Scythian society, and was popular among both the Scythians of the northern Pontic region and the Greeks who had colonised the northern shores of the Pontus Euxinus.
The Scythia Minor of the lower Danube existed until the 1st century BCE, and its territory stretched from Turas or even Olbia Pontikē in the north to Odēssos in the south, and coins are known of several of their kings, namely Kanitos, Tanusakos, Kharaspos, Ailios, Sariakos, and Akrosakos.