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Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS), is a group of symptoms caused by obstruction of the superior vena cava ("SVC"), a short, wide vessel carrying circulating blood into the heart. The majority of cases are caused by malignant tumors within the mediastinum , most commonly lung cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma , directly compressing or invading ...
Plaque build-up often doesn’t cause symptoms, but it can block blood flow to vital organs like your heart. Coronary artery disease occurs when atherosclerosis affects the arteries supplying ...
Symptoms may begin quickly or slowly depending on the size of the embolus and how much it blocks the blood flow. [2] Symptoms of embolisation in an organ vary with the organ involved but commonly include: Pain in the involved body part [2] Temporarily [2] decreased organ function; Later symptoms are closely related to infarction of the affected ...
It can be caused by physical invasion or compression by a pathological process, or by thrombosis within the vein itself. It can also occur during pregnancy . Symptoms including high venous pressure in the lower limbs, decreased blood return to the heart, decreased cardiac output, placental separation and decreased kidney function have been ...
A thrombus, or a blood clot, is a mobilized mass of blood cells that circulates within the body. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] Thrombi can occlude veins ( venous thrombosis ) or arteries (arterial thrombosis). The etiology of thrombosis is described by Virchow's Triad , which includes hemostasis, vascular wall damage, and hypercoagulability . [ 21 ]
Venous thrombosis is the blockage of a vein caused by a thrombus (blood clot). A common form of venous thrombosis is deep vein thrombosis (DVT), when a blood clot forms in the deep veins. If a thrombus breaks off ( embolizes ) and flows to the lungs to lodge there, it becomes a pulmonary embolism (PE), a blood clot in the lungs.
Peripheral arteries, which supply blood to the legs, arms, and pelvis, also experience marked narrowing due to plaque rupture and clots. Symptoms of the narrowing are pain and numbness within the arms or legs. Another significant location for plaque formation is the renal arteries, which supply blood to the kidneys.
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a type of venous thrombosis involving the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, most commonly in the legs or pelvis. [9] [a] A minority of DVTs occur in the arms. [11] Symptoms can include pain, swelling, redness, and enlarged veins in the affected area, but some DVTs have no symptoms. [1]