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Contact granuloma may also arise after intubation, and so following intubation, patients should be monitored if voice symptoms arise. Symptoms may or may not include hoarse voice , described as "huskiness" by some patients, [ 5 ] "aching" in the throat related to increased effort to produce voice, [ 5 ] and the feeling of having a lump in one's ...
Laryngotracheal stenosis is an umbrella term for a wide and heterogeneous group of very rare conditions. The population incidence of adult post-intubation laryngotracheal stenosis which is the commonest benign sub-type of this condition is approximately 1 in 200,000 adults per year. [10] The main causes of adult laryngotracheal stenosis are:
Intubation granuloma is a benign growth of granulation tissue in the larynx or trachea, which arises from tissue trauma due to endotracheal intubation. [1] This medical condition is described as a common late complication of tracheal intubation, specifically caused by irritation to the mucosal tissue of the airway during insertion or removal of the patient's intubation tube.
High cuff pressure or long-term intubation can cause damage to the tracheal mucosa, causing inflammation, ulceration, and breakdown of cartilage. [3] When the injury heals, scarring occurs, narrowing the airway. [4] Treatment-related risk factors include repeated intubation, the presence of a nasogastric tube, and size of an endotracheal tube.
[4] [3] This voice quality results from the increased activity of the vocal folds to compensate for the immobility of the PCA muscle(s). [3] [5] Patients may need to use more effort than normal when speaking and may find that their voice quiets or grows tired after speaking for a long time. [3] [6] This is known as vocal fatigue.
Spasmodic dysphonia, also known as laryngeal dystonia, is a disorder in which the muscles that generate a person's voice go into periods of spasm. [1] [2] This results in breaks or interruptions in the voice, often every few sentences, which can make a person difficult to understand. [1]
A number of other causes for losing one's voice exist, and treatment is generally by resting the voice and treating the underlying cause. [2] If the cause is misuse or overuse of the voice, drinking plenty of water may alleviate the problems. [2] It appears to occur more commonly in females and the elderly. [4]
Treatment is often supportive in nature, and depends on the severity and type of laryngitis (acute or chronic). [1] General measures to relieve symptoms of laryngitis include behavior modification, hydration, and humidification. [1] Vocal hygiene (care of the voice) is very important to relieve symptoms of laryngitis.