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In 1950 the next generation of tactical trucks were being developed. Sizes were rationalized, with 1 ⁄ 4 and 3 ⁄ 4-ton 4x4s and 2 + 1 ⁄ 2, 5, and 10-ton 6x6s. Trucks were military standard designs, 6x6 trucks used common cabs and similar fender and hood styles. [14]
The basic M35 cargo truck is rated to carry 5,000 pounds (2,300 kg) off-road or 10,000 pounds (4,500 kg) on roads. Trucks in this weight class are considered medium duty by the military and the Department of Transportation.
The M39 series 5-ton 6×6 truck was a family of heavy tactical trucks built for the United States Armed Forces. The basic cargo version was designed to transport a 5-ton (4,500 kg), 14 ft (4.3 m) long load over all terrain in all weather. In on-road service the load weight was doubled.
A conventional ladder frame has a front steering axle with a 12,000 lb (5,400 kg) weight rating and tandem rear axles with a 40,000 lb (18,000 kg) weight rating. The truck can have a maximum weight of 52,000 lb (24,000 kg), including a 30,000 lb (14,000 kg) load. The total weight rating of the truck and trailer is 105,000 lb (48,000 kg).
The safety of the M939 series of trucks has been criticized, especially braking performance and stability when loaded. In 1999 the U.S. Army began retrofitting anti-lock brake systems to the M939 trucks. [24] Until the trucks were modified, they were limited to a 40 mph (65 km/h) top speed by an Army-wide safety order. [citation needed]
A 20 June 1945 report by the Army Ground Forces Equipment Review Board recommended that all 4‑ton to 6‑ton tactical trucks should be replaced by a single standard 5‑ton (4,536 kg) 6x6 truck series. In 1949 specifications were set and truck manufactures began working on prototypes.
In 1949 the US Army set a requirement for a family of extra heavy-duty 10‑ton (9,072 kg) load rated, off-road, 6x6 tactical trucks. Mack's design, influenced by their WWII era NO (7 + 1 ⁄ 2-ton, 6x6 truck), was chosen. Designed as an entire family of trucks, only the semi-tractor and cargo/prime mover were built. 392 M123 were built between ...
The Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) is an eight-wheel drive, diesel-powered, 10-short-ton (9,100 kg) tactical truck. [2] The M977 HEMTT first entered service in 1982 with the United States Army as a replacement for the M520 Goer , and since that date has remained in production for the U.S. Army and other nations.