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The red line is temperature, the green line is the dew point, and the black line is the air parcel lifted. In meteorology , convective available potential energy (commonly abbreviated as CAPE ), [ 1 ] is a measure of the capacity of the atmosphere to support upward air movement that can lead to cloud formation and storms.
Natural convection can occur when there are hot and cold regions of either air or water, because both water and air become less dense as they are heated. But, for example, in the world's oceans it also occurs due to salt water being heavier than fresh water, so a layer of salt water on top of a layer of fresher water will also cause convection.
Warm air has a lower density than cool air, so warm air rises within cooler air, [8] [better source needed] similar to hot air balloons. [citation needed] Clouds form as relatively warmer air carrying moisture rises within cooler air. As the moist air rises, it cools causing some of the water vapor in the rising packet of air to condense. [9]
The weather charts in some countries or regions mark troughs by a line. In the United States, a trough may be marked as a dashed line or bold line. In the UK, Hong Kong [1] and Fiji, [2] it is represented by a bold line extended from a low pressure center [3] or between two low pressure centers; [4] in Macau [5] and Australia, [6] it is a
This made the diagram useful for analysis techniques that were then being adopted by the United States Air Force. Such a diagram has pressure plotted on the vertical axis, with a logarithmic scale (thus the "log-P" part of the name), and the temperature plotted skewed , with isothermal lines at 45° to the plot (thus the "skew-T" part of the name).
A deadly storm that deluged much of the the Northeast has given way to frigid temperatures as tens of thousands of people grapple with no electricity in the cold.. More than 140,000 Maine power ...
Station model plots use an internationally accepted coding convention that has changed little since August 1, 1941. Elements in the plot show the key weather elements, including temperature, dewpoint, wind, cloud cover, air pressure, pressure tendency, and precipitation. [22] [23] Winds have a standard notation when plotted on weather maps ...
The hot, rising air would then escape through windows near the ceiling to create a natural airflow. Architects also incorporated front porches onto houses to give homeowners some relief from the heat.