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A disinfectant is a chemical substance or compound used to inactivate or destroy microorganisms on inert surfaces. [1] Disinfection does not necessarily kill all microorganisms, especially resistant bacterial spores; it is less effective than sterilization, which is an extreme physical or chemical process that kills all types of life. [1]
Microorganisms growing on an agar plate. Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. [1]
Disinfection uses liquid chemicals on surfaces and at room temperature to kill disease-causing microorganisms. Ultraviolet light has also been used to disinfect the rooms of patients infected with Clostridioides difficile after discharge. [14] Disinfection is less effective than sterilization because it does not kill bacterial endospores. [15]
Some microorganisms like bacteria, yeasts and molds require water for their growth. Desiccation dries up the water content thus inhibiting microbial growth. On the availability of water, the bacteria resume their growth, thus desiccation does not completely inhibit bacterial growth. The instrument used to carry out this process is called a ...
A bacteriostatic agent or bacteriostat, abbreviated Bstatic, is a biological or chemical agent that stops bacteria from reproducing, while not necessarily killing them otherwise. Depending on their application, bacteriostatic antibiotics , disinfectants , antiseptics and preservatives can be distinguished.
Scientists Say This Organism May Help Destroy Forever Chemicals. Darren Orf. February 4, 2025 at 8:00 AM. ... This is not the first time a PFAS-eating bacteria has been found, but F11 took things ...
The curve for E. coli is given in the figure, with the most effective UV light having a wavelength of 265 nm. This applies to most bacteria and does not change significantly for other microbes. Dosages for a 90% kill rate of most bacteria and viruses range between 2,000 and 8,000 μJ/cm 2.
The goal of asepsis is to eliminate infection, not to achieve sterility. [1] Ideally, a surgical field is sterile, meaning it is free of all biological contaminants (e.g. fungi, bacteria, viruses), not just those that can cause disease, putrefaction, or fermentation. [1] Even in an aseptic state, a condition of sterile inflammation may develop.