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This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
A well-known example of a positive azeotrope is an ethanol–water mixture (obtained by fermentation of sugars) consisting of 95.63% ethanol and 4.37% water (by mass), which boils at 78.2 °C. [10] Ethanol boils at 78.4 °C, water boils at 100 °C, but the azeotrope boils at 78.2 °C, which is lower than either of its constituents. [11]
An azeotrope is not a range of concentrations that cannot be distilled, but the point at which the activity coefficients of the distillates are crossing one another. If the azeotrope can be "jumped over", distillation can continue, although because the activity coefficients have crossed, the component which is boiling will change.
This page provides supplementary chemical data on toluene. MSDS sheets. Structure and properties. Structure and properties Index of refraction, n D: 1.4969 at 20 °C ...
An azeotropic mixture of toluene and water distills out of the reaction, but only the toluene (density 0.865 g/ml) returns, since it floats on top of the water (density 0.998 g/ml), which collects in the trap. Some high-boiling liquids that have an azeotrope with water can be dried by adding toluene or another azeotrope-breaking solvent to ...
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Newly released data from ground-based radar came out Tuesday suggesting an Army helicopter was higher than it was supposed to be when it collided with American Airlines Flight 5342 a week ago ...
The whistleblower, a senior compliance expert in the credit card and banking industries, said the two giant card companies knew their networks were being used to pay for illegal content on the ...