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  2. José de San Martín - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/José_de_San_Martín

    José Francisco de San Martín y Matorras (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse ðe sam maɾˈtin] ⓘ; 25 February 1778 – 17 August 1850), nicknamed "the Liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru", [1] was an Argentine general and the primary leader of the southern and central parts of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire who served as the Protector of Peru.

  3. Argentine War of Independence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentine_War_of_Independence

    The Argentine War of Independence (Spanish: Guerra de Independencia de Argentina) was a secessionist civil war [3][4][5][6] fought from 1810 to 1818 by Argentine patriotic forces under Manuel Belgrano, Juan José Castelli, Martin Miguel de Guemes and José de San Martín against royalist forces loyal to the Spanish crown.

  4. Chilean War of Independence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_War_of_Independence

    The Chilean War of Independence (Spanish: Guerra de la Independencia de Chile, 'War of Independence of Chile') was a military and political event that allowed the emancipation of Chile from the Spanish Monarchy, ending the colonial period and initiating the formation of an independent republic. It developed in the context of the Spanish ...

  5. Crossing of the Andes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossing_of_the_Andes

    A combined army of Argentine soldiers and Chilean exiles crossed the Andes mountains, which separate Argentina from Chile, to invade Chile, leading to its liberation from Spanish rule. Led by General José de San Martín and departing from Mendoza—then part of the Province of Cuyo, Argentina—in January 1817, the successful crossing took 21 ...

  6. Bernardo O'Higgins - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_O'Higgins

    Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme (Spanish pronunciation: [beɾˈnaɾðo oˈ (x)iɣins] ⓘ; 20 August 1778 – 24 October 1842) was a Chilean independence leader who freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence. He was a wealthy landowner of Basque - Spanish and Irish ancestry. [1] Although he was the second Supreme Director of ...

  7. Argentina–Chile relations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArgentinaChile_relations

    1893 Border protocol. The 1893 Boundary Protocol between Argentina and Chile, also known as the Errázuriz-Quirno Costa Protocol, was an agreement signed by Isidoro Errázuriz Errázuriz Errázuriz representing Chile and Norberto Camilo Quirno Costa representing Argentina on May 1, 1893 in Santiago, Chile.

  8. History of Chile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Chile

    The territory of Chile has been populated since at least 3000 BC. By the 16th century, Spanish invaders began to raid the region of present-day Chile, and the territory was a colony between 1540 and 1818, when it gained independence from Spain. The country's economic development was successively marked by the export of first agricultural ...

  9. Spanish American wars of independence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of...

    Napoleonic Spain (1808-1813) preserved the integrity of the Spanish Empire. The Spanish American wars of independence (Spanish: Guerras de independencia hispanoamericanas) took place across the Spanish Empire in the early 19th century. The struggles in both hemispheres began shortly after the outbreak of the Peninsular War, forming part of the ...