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[7] [2] Computer programs are deemed "free" if they give end-users (not just the developer) ultimate control over the software and, subsequently, over their devices. [5] [8] The right to study and modify a computer program entails that the source code—the preferred format for making changes—be made available to users of that program.
At the World Computer Chess Championship in Reykjavík in 2005, Fruit 2.2 scored 8.5 out of 11, finishing in second place behind Zappa.. Until Version 2.1 (Peach), Fruit was free and open-source software subject to the requirements of the GNU General Public License and as such contributed much to the development in computer chess in recent years.
Alexandra Elbakyan at a conference at Harvard (2010). Sci-Hub was created by Alexandra Elbakyan, who was born in Kazakhstan in 1988. [22] Elbakyan earned her undergraduate degree at Kazakh National Technical University [23] studying information technology, then worked for a year for a computer security firm in Moscow, then joined a research team at the University of Freiburg in Germany in 2010 ...