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The following table lists many specialized symbols commonly used in modern mathematics, ordered by their introduction date. The table can also be ordered alphabetically by clicking on the relevant header title.
A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula. As formulas are entirely constituted with symbols of various types, many symbols are needed for ...
Greek letters are used in mathematics, science, engineering, and other areas where mathematical notation is used as symbols for constants, special functions, and also conventionally for variables representing certain quantities. In these contexts, the capital letters and the small letters represent distinct and unrelated entities.
In mathematics, the inverse function of a function f (also called the inverse of f) is a function that undoes the operation of f.The inverse of f exists if and only if f is bijective, and if it exists, is denoted by .
An element y is called (simply) an inverse of x if xyx = x and y = yxy. Every regular element has at least one inverse: if x = xzx then it is easy to verify that y = zxz is an inverse of x as defined in this section. Another easy to prove fact: if y is an inverse of x then e = xy and f = yx are idempotents, that is ee = e and ff = f.
Other rotated symbols include ɞ (rotated or reversed ʚ), ʖ (rotated ʕ) ⱹ (rotated ɽ), ɺ (rotated ɼ), the digits ↊ and ↋, the insular g: Ꝿ ꝿ, and the ampersand ⅋. The turned comma or inverted comma (‘) is, as its name suggests, a rotated comma. This symbol is most commonly encountered as an opening single quotation mark.
The inverted form, ∵, known as the because sign, is sometimes used as a shorthand form of "because". The character ஃ (visarga) in the Tamil script represents the āytam, a special sound of the Tamil language. An asterism, ⁂, is a typographic symbol consisting of three asterisks placed in a triangle. Its purpose is to "indicate minor ...
The reversed symbol "⊣" is called "left tack" and represents the analogous left identity where X ⊣ Y is X and ⊣ Y is Y. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] In combinatorics , λ ⊢ n {\displaystyle \lambda \vdash n} means that λ is a partition of the integer n .