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The modified Bruce Protocol is an alteration in the protocol so that the treadmill is initially horizontal rather than uphill, with the 1st few intervals increasing the treadmill slope only. [3] The Bruce treadmill test estimates maximum oxygen uptake using a formula and the performance of the subject on a treadmill as the workload is increased ...
Two primary stress tests utilized are a treadmill test using ECG/electrophysiology metrics and nuclear testing, each have unique sensitivity and specificity values. The treadmill test, employing the modified Bruce protocol , [ 20 ] demonstrates a sensitivity range of around 73-90% and a specificity range of around 50-74%.
Angina index will be zero if no pain appears during the exercise, one if the pain is limited to the exercise period but the patient can continue the exercise (typical angina), and two if a limiting pain occurs which is a reason to stop the exercise test. [2] [3] Duke treadmill scores typically range from -25 (highest risk) to +15 (lowest risk).
Treadmill stress tests generally consist of a patient walking on a treadmill and gradually increasing speed and incline. The test normally runs until the patient is exhausted or has met a ...
The test subject repeatedly steps onto and off of a platform every two seconds. [2] The height of the platform is 20 inches or 51 centimetres for men and 16 inches or 41 centimetres for women. The rate of 30 steps per minute must be sustained for five minutes or until exhaustion. To ensure the right speed, a metronome is used.
With a maximal stress test the level of exercise is increased until the person's heart rate will not increase any higher, despite increased exercise. A fairly accurate estimate of the target heart rate, based on extensive clinical research, can be estimated by the formula 220 beats per minute minus patient's age.
The goal and objectives, the time frame, the stress test level and the total costs of the stress test are defined. Phase 2: Assessment, during which the stress test at the component and the system scope is performed, including fragility [12] and risk [13] analysis of the CIs for the stressors defined in Phase 1. The stress test can result in ...
The maximum heart rate (HR max) is the age-related highest number of beats per minute of the heart when reaching a point of exhaustion [28] [29] without severe problems through exercise stress. [30] In general it is loosely estimated as 220 minus one's age. [ 31 ]